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全文來了!中共中央 國務院印發《鄉村振興戰略規劃(2018-2022年)》
來源:未知 日期:2018-09-30 點擊:次
近日,中共中央、國務院印發了《鄉村振興戰略規劃(2018-2022年)》,并發出通知,要求各地區各部門結合實際認真貫徹落實。
《鄉村(cun)振興戰(zhan)略規(gui)劃(2018-2022年)》主要內容如下。
1
第一篇 規劃(hua)背景
黨的(de)十九大作出中國(guo)特(te)色(se)(se)社(she)會(hui)(hui)主義(yi)(yi)進入(ru)新(xin)時代的(de)科學論斷,提出實施(shi)(shi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村振(zhen)興戰略的(de)重大歷(li)史(shi)任務,在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)“三(san)農”發展(zhan)(zhan)進程(cheng)中具有劃(hua)時代的(de)里程(cheng)碑意(yi)義(yi)(yi),必須(xu)深入(ru)貫徹習近(jin)平新(xin)時代中國(guo)特(te)色(se)(se)社(she)會(hui)(hui)主義(yi)(yi)思想和黨的(de)十九大精神,在(zai)認真總結農業農村發展(zhan)(zhan)歷(li)史(shi)性(xing)成(cheng)就(jiu)和歷(li)史(shi)性(xing)變(bian)革的(de)基(ji)礎上,準確研判(pan)經濟社(she)會(hui)(hui)發展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢和鄉(xiang)(xiang)村演變(bian)發展(zhan)(zhan)態勢,切實抓住歷(li)史(shi)機遇,增(zeng)強責任感(gan)(gan)、使命感(gan)(gan)、緊迫感(gan)(gan),把(ba)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村振(zhen)興戰略實施(shi)(shi)好。
第一章(zhang) 重(zhong)大意義
鄉(xiang)村(cun)是具(ju)有自然(ran)、社(she)會(hui)、經濟特征的(de)(de)地域綜合體,兼具(ju)生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活、生(sheng)態、文化等多重功能,與城鎮(zhen)互促互進、共生(sheng)共存,共同構成人類(lei)活動(dong)的(de)(de)主要空間。鄉(xiang)村(cun)興(xing)則國(guo)家(jia)興(xing),鄉(xiang)村(cun)衰(shuai)則國(guo)家(jia)衰(shuai)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)人民(min)日益增長(chang)的(de)(de)美好生(sheng)活需要和(he)(he)不(bu)平衡不(bu)充分的(de)(de)發展之(zhi)間的(de)(de)矛(mao)盾在(zai)(zai)(zai)鄉(xiang)村(cun)最(zui)(zui)為(wei)突出(chu),我(wo)(wo)國(guo)仍處于并將長(chang)期處于社(she)會(hui)主義(yi)初(chu)級階段的(de)(de)特征很大(da)程(cheng)度上表現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鄉(xiang)村(cun)。全面建(jian)成小康(kang)社(she)會(hui)和(he)(he)全面建(jian)設社(she)會(hui)主義(yi)現(xian)代化強國(guo),最(zui)(zui)艱(jian)巨最(zui)(zui)繁重的(de)(de)任(ren)務(wu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)村(cun),最(zui)(zui)廣泛最(zui)(zui)深(shen)厚的(de)(de)基(ji)礎在(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)村(cun),最(zui)(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)潛力(li)和(he)(he)后勁也在(zai)(zai)(zai)農(nong)村(cun)。實(shi)施鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing)戰略,是解(jie)決新時代我(wo)(wo)國(guo)社(she)會(hui)主要矛(mao)盾、實(shi)現(xian)“兩(liang)個一百年”奮斗(dou)目標和(he)(he)中華民(min)族偉大(da)復(fu)興(xing)中國(guo)夢的(de)(de)必(bi)然(ran)要求,具(ju)有重大(da)現(xian)實(shi)意(yi)義(yi)和(he)(he)深(shen)遠歷史意(yi)義(yi)。
實(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉村(cun)振興戰(zhan)略(lve)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建設現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的重(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)礎。農(nong)業(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)民經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)的基(ji)礎,農(nong)村(cun)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)的重(zhong)要(yao)組成部分(fen)。鄉村(cun)振興,產(chan)業(ye)興旺是(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)點。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉村(cun)振興戰(zhan)略(lve),深(shen)化(hua)農(nong)業(ye)供給側結構性改革,構建現(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、生產(chan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、經營體(ti)(ti)系(xi),實(shi)(shi)現(xian)農(nong)村(cun)一二三產(chan)業(ye)深(shen)度融合發展,有(you)利于推動農(nong)業(ye)從(cong)增(zeng)產(chan)導(dao)向轉向提質導(dao)向,增(zeng)強我國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)創新力和競爭(zheng)力,為建設現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)經濟(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)奠定堅實(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎。
實(shi)施鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)戰略(lve)是(shi)建(jian)設美麗中(zhong)國的(de)(de)關鍵舉(ju)措。農業是(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)產品的(de)(de)重要(yao)供給者,鄉(xiang)村是(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)涵(han)養的(de)(de)主體區,生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)是(shi)鄉(xiang)村最大的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)優勢。鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興(xing)(xing),生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)宜居是(shi)關鍵。實(shi)施鄉(xiang)村振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)戰略(lve),統(tong)籌山水林田湖草系統(tong)治理(li),加(jia)快推行鄉(xiang)村綠色發(fa)展(zhan)方式,加(jia)強(qiang)農村人(ren)居環境整治,有(you)利于構建(jian)人(ren)與(yu)自然(ran)和諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)(de)鄉(xiang)村發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)格局,實(shi)現百姓富(fu)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)美的(de)(de)統(tong)一。
實施鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興戰略是(shi)傳承中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)有效途徑。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)根植于農耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua),鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)基本載體。鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興,鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)風(feng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)是(shi)保障(zhang)。實施鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興戰略,深入挖掘農耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)蘊含的(de)優秀(xiu)(xiu)思想觀念(nian)、人文(wen)(wen)(wen)精神、道德規范,結合時代要求(qiu)在保護傳承的(de)基礎上創(chuang)造性(xing)轉化(hua)、創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)性(xing)發(fa)(fa)展,有利于在新(xin)(xin)時代煥發(fa)(fa)出鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)風(feng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)新(xin)(xin)氣(qi)象,進一(yi)步(bu)豐(feng)富和傳承中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)優秀(xiu)(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)。
實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興戰略(lve)是(shi)(shi)健全(quan)現(xian)代社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)格局(ju)的(de)(de)固本之策。社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎在基(ji)層,薄(bo)弱環節在鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興,治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)有(you)效是(shi)(shi)基(ji)礎。實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興戰略(lve),加強農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)層基(ji)礎工作(zuo),健全(quan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)體系,確保廣(guang)大農民安居樂業(ye)、農村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)安定有(you)序,有(you)利于打造(zao)共建共治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)共享的(de)(de)現(xian)代社(she)(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)格局(ju),推進國家治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)體系和治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)現(xian)代化。
實(shi)施鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興戰(zhan)略是(shi)實(shi)現全(quan)(quan)體人民共同富(fu)裕的(de)必(bi)然選擇。農(nong)(nong)(nong)業強(qiang)不強(qiang)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)美不美、農(nong)(nong)(nong)民富(fu)不富(fu),關(guan)乎億萬農(nong)(nong)(nong)民的(de)獲(huo)得感、幸(xing)福感、安全(quan)(quan)感,關(guan)乎全(quan)(quan)面建(jian)成小康社(she)會(hui)(hui)全(quan)(quan)局。鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興,生活(huo)富(fu)裕是(shi)根(gen)本。實(shi)施鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興戰(zhan)略,不斷拓(tuo)寬農(nong)(nong)(nong)民增收渠道,全(quan)(quan)面改(gai)善(shan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生產生活(huo)條件(jian),促進(jin)社(she)會(hui)(hui)公平(ping)正義(yi)(yi),有利于增進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民福祉,讓億萬農(nong)(nong)(nong)民走(zou)上共同富(fu)裕的(de)道路,匯聚起(qi)建(jian)設社(she)會(hui)(hui)主義(yi)(yi)現代化強(qiang)國的(de)磅礴力量(liang)。
第二(er)章 振興(xing)基礎
黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)十八大以(yi)來,面(mian)對我(wo)國(guo)經濟發展(zhan)(zhan)進(jin)入新(xin)(xin)常態帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)刻變(bian)化,以(yi)習近平同(tong)志為核心的(de)(de)(de)(de)黨中央(yang)推動(dong)(dong)“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”工(gong)作理論(lun)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、實踐創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)、制度創(chuang)新(xin)(xin),堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)把(ba)(ba)解決好“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”問題作為全黨工(gong)作重(zhong)中之重(zhong),切(qie)實把(ba)(ba)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村優先發展(zhan)(zhan)落到實處;堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)立(li)足國(guo)內保證(zheng)自給(gei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針,牢牢把(ba)(ba)握(wo)國(guo)家(jia)糧食安全主動(dong)(dong)權(quan);堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)不斷深(shen)化農(nong)(nong)(nong)村改革(ge),激發農(nong)(nong)(nong)村發展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)活力;堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)把(ba)(ba)推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業供給(gei)側結構性(xing)改革(ge)作為主線(xian),加快提(ti)高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業供給(gei)質量;堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)綠(lv)色生態導(dao)向,推動(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村可持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)發展(zhan)(zhan);堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)在發展(zhan)(zhan)中保障和(he)改善民(min)生,讓廣大農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)有更多(duo)獲得(de)感(gan);堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)遵(zun)循(xun)鄉村發展(zhan)(zhan)規律(lv),扎實推進(jin)生態宜居的(de)(de)(de)(de)美麗鄉村建設;堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)加強和(he)改善黨對農(nong)(nong)(nong)村工(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)領導(dao),為“三農(nong)(nong)(nong)”發展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)供堅(jian)強政治保障。這些重(zhong)大舉措和(he)開創(chuang)性(xing)工(gong)作,推動(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村發展(zhan)(zhan)取得(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)性(xing)成就、發生歷(li)史(shi)(shi)性(xing)變(bian)革(ge),為黨和(he)國(guo)家(jia)事(shi)業全面(mian)開創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)局面(mian)提(ti)供了有力支撐。
農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)供給側結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)改(gai)革取(qu)(qu)得新(xin)進(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)力(li)明(ming)顯增強(qiang)(qiang),全國糧食(shi)總產(chan)量連續(xu)5年保持(chi)在1.2萬(wan)億斤以上,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)不斷優化(hua)(hua),農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)新(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態新(xin)模式蓬勃發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境惡化(hua)(hua)問題(ti)得到初步遏制(zhi),農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營方式發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)大變化(hua)(hua)。農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)改(gai)革取(qu)(qu)得新(xin)突(tu)破,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)土地(di)制(zhi)度、農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)集體(ti)(ti)產(chan)權制(zhi)度改(gai)革穩(wen)步推進(jin),重(zhong)要農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)收(shou)儲制(zhi)度改(gai)革取(qu)(qu)得實質性(xing)成(cheng)效(xiao),農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)創新(xin)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)和投(tou)資興業(ye)(ye)(ye)蔚(yu)然成(cheng)風,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)動能(neng)加快成(cheng)長(chang)。城鄉(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)一體(ti)(ti)化(hua)(hua)邁出(chu)新(xin)步伐(fa),5年間8000多萬(wan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)轉移人口成(cheng)為(wei)城鎮居民(min)(min),城鄉(xiang)居民(min)(min)收(shou)入(ru)相對差(cha)距縮小,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)消費持(chi)續(xu)增長(chang),農(nong)民(min)(min)收(shou)入(ru)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水(shui)平明(ming)顯提高。脫貧(pin)攻堅(jian)開創新(xin)局面,貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)地(di)區農(nong)民(min)(min)收(shou)入(ru)增速持(chi)續(xu)快于全國平均水(shui)平,集中連片特困(kun)(kun)(kun)地(di)區內生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)動力(li)明(ming)顯增強(qiang)(qiang),過去5年累(lei)計(ji)6800多萬(wan)貧(pin)困(kun)(kun)(kun)人口脫貧(pin)。農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)公共服務(wu)和社(she)會事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)達到新(xin)水(shui)平,農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基礎設施建設不斷加強(qiang)(qiang),人居環境整治加快推進(jin),教(jiao)育、醫療衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)等社(she)會事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)快速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)社(she)會煥(huan)發(fa)新(xin)氣象。
同(tong)時,應當(dang)清醒地看(kan)到,當(dang)前我(wo)國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基礎差、底子薄(bo)(bo)、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)滯(zhi)后的(de)(de)狀況尚(shang)未根本改(gai)變,經(jing)濟社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中最(zui)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)短板(ban)仍(reng)然在(zai)(zai)“三農(nong)(nong)”,現代化(hua)建(jian)設中最(zui)薄(bo)(bo)弱的(de)(de)環節仍(reng)然是(shi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)。主要(yao)表現在(zai)(zai):農(nong)(nong)產品階段性供過于求和(he)供給不(bu)(bu)(bu)足并存(cun),農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)一(yi)二三產業(ye)(ye)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)深度不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠,農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)供給質量和(he)效益亟待(dai)提(ti)高(gao);農(nong)(nong)民(min)適應生(sheng)產力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)市場競(jing)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)能力(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足,農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)人才匱(kui)乏;農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基礎設施建(jian)設仍(reng)然滯(zhi)后,農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)環境和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)問題比較(jiao)突(tu)出,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)整體(ti)(ti)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)亟待(dai)提(ti)升(sheng);農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)生(sheng)領域欠賬較(jiao)多,城鄉(xiang)基本公共服務和(he)收(shou)入(ru)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)差距(ju)仍(reng)然較(jiao)大(da),脫貧(pin)攻堅任務依然艱巨;國家(jia)支農(nong)(nong)體(ti)(ti)系相對薄(bo)(bo)弱,農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)金融改(gai)革任務繁重,城鄉(xiang)之間要(yao)素合(he)理流(liu)動機制亟待(dai)健全;農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基層(ceng)基礎工(gong)作存(cun)在(zai)(zai)薄(bo)(bo)弱環節,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)治(zhi)理體(ti)(ti)系和(he)治(zhi)理能力(li)亟待(dai)強化(hua)。
第三(san)章 發展態勢
從(cong)2018年(nian)到2022年(nian),是實施鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興戰略的(de)(de)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)個5年(nian),既有(you)難(nan)得機遇(yu),又面臨嚴峻挑(tiao)戰。從(cong)國(guo)際環境看(kan),全球經濟復蘇態勢有(you)望(wang)延續,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)統籌利用國(guo)內國(guo)際兩個市(shi)(shi)場(chang)兩種(zhong)資源的(de)(de)空間將(jiang)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步拓(tuo)展(zhan),同時國(guo)際農產(chan)品(pin)貿易(yi)不(bu)穩(wen)定性(xing)不(bu)確定性(xing)仍(reng)然突出,提高我(wo)(wo)國(guo)農業(ye)競爭(zheng)力(li)、妥善應對國(guo)際市(shi)(shi)場(chang)風(feng)險任務(wu)緊迫。特別是我(wo)(wo)國(guo)作為(wei)人口大(da)(da)國(guo),糧食及重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)農產(chan)品(pin)需(xu)求(qiu)仍(reng)將(jiang)剛性(xing)增(zeng)長(chang),保障國(guo)家糧食安全始終是頭等大(da)(da)事。從(cong)國(guo)內形勢看(kan),隨著我(wo)(wo)國(guo)經濟由高速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)階(jie)段轉向(xiang)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階(jie)段,以及工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)、城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)、信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)(hua)深入推進,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)將(jiang)處于大(da)(da)變(bian)革、大(da)(da)轉型的(de)(de)關鍵時期。居民消費(fei)結構加快升(sheng)級,中高端、多元化(hua)(hua)、個性(xing)化(hua)(hua)消費(fei)需(xu)求(qiu)將(jiang)快速(su)增(zeng)長(chang),加快推進農業(ye)由增(zeng)產(chan)導(dao)向(xiang)轉向(xiang)提質(zhi)導(dao)向(xiang)是必然要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)進入快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)與質(zhi)量(liang)提升(sheng)的(de)(de)新(xin)階(jie)段,城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)輻射(she)帶動農村(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步增(zeng)強,但大(da)(da)量(liang)農民仍(reng)然生活在農村(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)國(guo)情不(bu)會改變(bian),迫切(qie)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)重(zhong)塑城(cheng)鄉(xiang)關系(xi)(xi)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)差異顯著,多樣性(xing)分化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)趨勢仍(reng)將(jiang)延續,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)獨特價值(zhi)和(he)(he)多元功能(neng)將(jiang)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步得到發(fa)(fa)掘和(he)(he)拓(tuo)展(zhan),同時應對好村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊空心化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)老(lao)齡化(hua)(hua)、延續鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)文化(hua)(hua)血脈、完善鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)治(zhi)理體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)任務(wu)艱巨。
實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興戰略具(ju)(ju)備(bei)較(jiao)好條(tiao)件。有(you)(you)習近平總書記把舵定向,有(you)(you)黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務院的(de)高度重(zhong)視(shi)、堅(jian)強領導、科學(xue)決策,實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興戰略寫入黨(dang)章,成為全黨(dang)的(de)共同意(yi)志(zhi),鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)根本(ben)政治保障。社會主義制度能夠集中(zhong)力(li)(li)(li)量辦大(da)(da)事,強農惠農富農政策力(li)(li)(li)度不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)加大(da)(da),農村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地集體(ti)(ti)所有(you)(you)制和雙層經營體(ti)(ti)制不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)完善,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)堅(jian)強制度保障。優秀農耕文明源遠流長(chang),尋(xun)根溯(su)源的(de)人(ren)(ren)文情懷和國人(ren)(ren)的(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)情結歷久彌深,現代城市文明導入融(rong)匯,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)深厚文化(hua)土(tu)壤。國家經濟(ji)實(shi)(shi)(shi)力(li)(li)(li)和綜合國力(li)(li)(li)日益增強,對農業農村(cun)(cun)支持(chi)(chi)力(li)(li)(li)度不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)加大(da)(da),農村(cun)(cun)生產(chan)生活(huo)條(tiao)件加快改善,農民(min)收入持(chi)(chi)續增長(chang),鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)雄厚物質基(ji)礎。農業現代化(hua)和社會主義新農村(cun)(cun)建設取得歷史(shi)性成就,各地積累了豐富的(de)成功經驗和做(zuo)法,鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)作基(ji)礎。
實施(shi)鄉村(cun)振興戰略,是黨對(dui)“三農(nong)(nong)”工作(zuo)一系列方(fang)針政策的繼承和發(fa)展(zhan),是億萬農(nong)(nong)民的殷切期盼。必須抓住機遇,迎接挑戰,發(fa)揮優勢(shi)(shi),順勢(shi)(shi)而為(wei),努力開創(chuang)農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)局面(mian),推動農(nong)(nong)業全面(mian)升級、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)全面(mian)進(jin)步、農(nong)(nong)民全面(mian)發(fa)展(zhan),譜寫新(xin)時代鄉村(cun)全面(mian)振興新(xin)篇(pian)章。
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第二篇 總體要求
按照到2020年實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)全面建成小康社會和(he)分(fen)兩個(ge)(ge)階段實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)第二個(ge)(ge)百年奮斗目標的戰略部署,2018年至2022年這5年間,既要在農村(cun)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)全面小康,又要為基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)農業農村(cun)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)開好(hao)局(ju)、起(qi)好(hao)步、打好(hao)基礎。
第四章(zhang) 指(zhi)導思想和(he)基(ji)本原(yuan)則
第一節(jie) 指導思想
深入(ru)貫徹(che)習近平新時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義思(si)想(xiang),深入(ru)貫徹(che)黨的(de)十九(jiu)大和十九(jiu)屆二中(zhong)(zhong)、三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)精(jing)神,加(jia)強黨對“三農(nong)”工作(zuo)的(de)全(quan)面(mian)領導(dao),堅(jian)持穩中(zhong)(zhong)求進(jin)(jin)工作(zuo)總基調(diao),牢固樹(shu)立(li)新發展(zhan)理(li)念,落實高質量(liang)發展(zhan)要求,緊緊圍繞統(tong)籌推進(jin)(jin)“五位(wei)一體”總體布局和協調(diao)推進(jin)(jin)“四個全(quan)面(mian)”戰(zhan)略布局,堅(jian)持把(ba)解決好“三農(nong)”問(wen)題(ti)作(zuo)為全(quan)黨工作(zuo)重中(zhong)(zhong)之重,堅(jian)持農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)優先發展(zhan),按照產(chan)業(ye)興旺、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)宜(yi)居、鄉(xiang)風文明(ming)、治理(li)有(you)效、生(sheng)(sheng)活富(fu)裕的(de)總要求,建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)融合發展(zhan)體制機制和政(zheng)策(ce)體系(xi),統(tong)籌推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)村(cun)經濟建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、政(zheng)治建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、文化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、社(she)會(hui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和黨的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),加(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)村(cun)治理(li)體系(xi)和治理(li)能力(li)現代(dai)化,加(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)現代(dai)化,走中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興道路,讓農(nong)業(ye)成為有(you)奔(ben)頭(tou)的(de)產(chan)業(ye),讓農(nong)民成為有(you)吸引(yin)力(li)的(de)職業(ye),讓農(nong)村(cun)成為安居樂業(ye)的(de)美麗家園。
第二節 基本原則
——堅(jian)持(chi)黨管農村工作(zuo)。毫不動搖地堅(jian)持(chi)和加強(qiang)黨對農村工作(zuo)的(de)領(ling)導,健(jian)全(quan)黨管農村工作(zuo)方面的(de)領(ling)導體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)和黨內法規,確保(bao)(bao)黨在農村工作(zuo)中始(shi)終(zhong)總(zong)攬(lan)全(quan)局、協調各方,為鄉村振興(xing)提供堅(jian)強(qiang)有力的(de)政治(zhi)保(bao)(bao)障。
——堅持農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)發(fa)展。把實現(xian)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing)作(zuo)為全黨(dang)的共(gong)同(tong)意志、共(gong)同(tong)行動,做(zuo)到認識統(tong)一(yi)、步(bu)調一(yi)致,在干部配(pei)(pei)備上優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)考(kao)慮(lv),在要素配(pei)(pei)置上優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)滿足(zu),在資金投(tou)入(ru)上優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)保障(zhang),在公共(gong)服務上優(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)安排,加快補齊農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)短板。
——堅持農(nong)民(min)主體地位。充分(fen)尊重農(nong)民(min)意愿(yuan),切實發揮農(nong)民(min)在鄉村振(zhen)興中的主體作用(yong),調動(dong)億萬農(nong)民(min)的積極性、主動(dong)性、創造性,把維護(hu)農(nong)民(min)群眾(zhong)根本利益、促(cu)進農(nong)民(min)共同富裕作為出發點和(he)落腳點,促(cu)進農(nong)民(min)持續增收(shou),不斷(duan)提(ti)升農(nong)民(min)的獲得感、幸福感、安全感。
——堅持鄉(xiang)村(cun)全面振(zhen)興。準(zhun)確把握鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興的科學內涵,挖掘(jue)鄉(xiang)村(cun)多種功能和(he)價值,統籌謀劃(hua)農村(cun)經(jing)濟(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、政治建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、文化建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、社會建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、生態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)和(he)黨的建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she),注重協同性(xing)、關聯(lian)性(xing),整(zheng)體部署,協調推進。
——堅持城(cheng)鄉融合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)。堅決破除體制機制弊端,使(shi)市(shi)場在資源配置中起決定性(xing)作用,更好發(fa)揮(hui)政府作用,推動(dong)城(cheng)鄉要(yao)素自由流動(dong)、平(ping)等交換,推動(dong)新(xin)型工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)、信息化(hua)(hua)、城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)、農(nong)業(ye)現代化(hua)(hua)同(tong)步發(fa)展(zhan),加快(kuai)形成工農(nong)互促、城(cheng)鄉互補、全(quan)面(mian)融合(he)、共(gong)同(tong)繁榮的(de)新(xin)型工農(nong)城(cheng)鄉關系。
——堅持人與自然和(he)(he)諧共(gong)生。牢固樹立和(he)(he)踐行綠水青山(shan)就(jiu)是金(jin)山(shan)銀山(shan)的理念,落實節約優先、保護優先、自然恢復(fu)為(wei)主的方針(zhen),統(tong)籌山(shan)水林田湖草系統(tong)治理,嚴守生態(tai)保護紅線,以綠色發展引領鄉村振興。
——堅(jian)持改革創新、激發活力。不斷深(shen)化農(nong)村(cun)改革,擴大農(nong)業對外開放,激活主(zhu)體、激活要素(su)、激活市(shi)場,調動(dong)各方力量投(tou)身鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing)。以科(ke)技創新引領和支撐鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing),以人才匯聚推動(dong)和保障鄉(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing),增(zeng)強農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)自(zi)我發展動(dong)力。
——堅持因(yin)地制宜(yi)、循序漸進。科學把握(wo)鄉(xiang)村的差異(yi)性和發展走勢分(fen)化特征,做好頂(ding)層(ceng)設計,注重規劃先行、因(yin)勢利導,分(fen)類施策(ce)、突出重點,體現(xian)特色、豐富多(duo)彩。既(ji)盡力而為(wei),又量(liang)力而行,不(bu)搞(gao)層(ceng)層(ceng)加碼(ma),不(bu)搞(gao)一刀切,不(bu)搞(gao)形式主義和形象(xiang)工程(cheng),久(jiu)久(jiu)為(wei)功,扎實(shi)推進。
第五章(zhang) 發展目(mu)標
到(dao)2020年(nian),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)的(de)制(zhi)度(du)框(kuang)架(jia)和(he)(he)政(zheng)策體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)形成(cheng)(cheng),各地區(qu)各部門鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)的(de)思路舉措(cuo)得(de)以(yi)確立(li),全(quan)(quan)面(mian)建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)小康社(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)目(mu)標如期實現(xian)。到(dao)2022年(nian),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)的(de)制(zhi)度(du)框(kuang)架(jia)和(he)(he)政(zheng)策體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)初步(bu)健全(quan)(quan)。國家糧食(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)水(shui)平(ping)進一(yi)步(bu)提高(gao),現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)初步(bu)構(gou)(gou)建(jian),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)綠色發(fa)展(zhan)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)推(tui)進;農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)業(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)格局初步(bu)形成(cheng)(cheng),鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)加快發(fa)展(zhan),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民收入水(shui)平(ping)進一(yi)步(bu)提高(gao),脫貧(pin)攻堅成(cheng)(cheng)果得(de)到(dao)進一(yi)步(bu)鞏固;農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施條件持續改善,城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)的(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)保障(zhang)制(zhi)度(du)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)建(jian)立(li);農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)人居環境(jing)顯(xian)(xian)著改善,生(sheng)(sheng)態宜居的(de)美麗鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)建(jian)設(she)(she)扎實推(tui)進;城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)初步(bu)建(jian)立(li),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)公共服務水(shui)平(ping)進一(yi)步(bu)提升(sheng)(sheng);鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)優秀傳統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化得(de)以(yi)傳承和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民精神文(wen)化生(sheng)(sheng)活需求(qiu)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)得(de)到(dao)滿足;以(yi)黨組(zu)織為(wei)核心的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基(ji)層組(zu)織建(jian)設(she)(she)明顯(xian)(xian)加強,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)治理能(neng)力(li)進一(yi)步(bu)提升(sheng)(sheng),現(xian)代鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)治理體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)初步(bu)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)。探(tan)索形成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)批各具特色的(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)模式(shi)和(he)(he)經驗,鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)取(qu)得(de)階段性成(cheng)(cheng)果。
第六章 遠景謀劃
到(dao)2035年(nian),鄉村(cun)振興取(qu)得決定性(xing)進展(zhan),農業農村(cun)現代化基(ji)本(ben)實(shi)現。農業結構得到(dao)根本(ben)性(xing)改善(shan),農民(min)就業質量(liang)顯著提高,相對貧困進一步緩解,共同富(fu)裕邁出(chu)堅(jian)實(shi)步伐;城鄉基(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共服務均等化基(ji)本(ben)實(shi)現,城鄉融合發展(zhan)體制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)更加完善(shan);鄉風文(wen)明達到(dao)新高度,鄉村(cun)治理體系更加完善(shan);農村(cun)生態環境根本(ben)好轉(zhuan),生態宜(yi)居(ju)的(de)美(mei)麗鄉村(cun)基(ji)本(ben)實(shi)現。
到2050年,鄉村全面振興(xing),農業(ye)強、農村美、農民富(fu)全面實現。
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第三(san)篇 構建鄉村振興新格局
堅(jian)持鄉村(cun)振興(xing)和(he)新型城鎮化(hua)雙輪驅動,統籌城鄉國土(tu)空間開(kai)發格局,優化(hua)鄉村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)活生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間,分類推進鄉村(cun)振興(xing),打造各具(ju)特(te)色的(de)現代版(ban)“富春(chun)山居(ju)圖”。
第(di)七章 統籌城鄉發展空(kong)間
按(an)照主體(ti)功能定位(wei),對國土空(kong)間的開(kai)發、保護和整(zheng)治進(jin)行(xing)全面安排和總體(ti)布(bu)局,推進(jin)“多規合一”,加(jia)快形成城(cheng)鄉融合發展的空(kong)間格局。
第一節 強(qiang)化空間用途管制(zhi)
強化國(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)(kong)間規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)對(dui)各專項規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)的(de)指導(dao)約束作用(yong),統籌自然資源開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)、保(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)(he)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu),按照不同(tong)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)功能定位和(he)(he)(he)陸海統籌原則,開(kai)展資源環境承載能力和(he)(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)土(tu)空(kong)(kong)間開(kai)發(fa)(fa)適宜性評價,科學劃(hua)定生(sheng)態、農業、城(cheng)(cheng)鎮等(deng)空(kong)(kong)間和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)態保(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅線、永久基本農田、城(cheng)(cheng)鎮開(kai)發(fa)(fa)邊界及海洋生(sheng)物資源保(bao)護(hu)(hu)線、圍填海控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)線等(deng)主(zhu)要控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)線,推動主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)功能區戰(zhan)略格局在市縣層面精(jing)準(zhun)落地(di),健全(quan)不同(tong)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)功能區差異化協同(tong)發(fa)(fa)展長效機制(zhi)(zhi),實(shi)現山水林田湖草整體(ti)(ti)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)、系(xi)統修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)、綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)。
第二節 完善(shan)城鄉布局結構
以城(cheng)市(shi)群為(wei)主(zhu)體構(gou)建(jian)大中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)市(shi)和小(xiao)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)協(xie)調發展(zhan)的(de)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)格局,增強城(cheng)鎮(zhen)地(di)區對(dui)鄉(xiang)村(cun)的(de)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)力。加(jia)(jia)快發展(zhan)中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)市(shi),完善(shan)縣城(cheng)綜合(he)服務(wu)功能(neng),推動(dong)(dong)農(nong)業(ye)轉移人口就地(di)就近城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化。因地(di)制(zhi)宜發展(zhan)特色鮮明、產城(cheng)融(rong)合(he)、充滿魅(mei)力的(de)特色小(xiao)鎮(zhen)和小(xiao)城(cheng)鎮(zhen),加(jia)(jia)強以鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)政府駐(zhu)地(di)為(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)農(nong)民(min)生活(huo)圈建(jian)設,以鎮(zhen)帶(dai)村(cun)、以村(cun)促鎮(zhen),推動(dong)(dong)鎮(zhen)村(cun)聯動(dong)(dong)發展(zhan)。建(jian)設生態(tai)宜居的(de)美麗鄉(xiang)村(cun),發揮多重功能(neng),提(ti)供優質產品,傳承鄉(xiang)村(cun)文化,留住(zhu)鄉(xiang)愁記憶,滿足人民(min)日益增長的(de)美好(hao)生活(huo)需要。
第(di)三節 推進城鄉(xiang)統一規劃
通(tong)盤考(kao)慮城(cheng)(cheng)鎮和鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)展(zhan),統(tong)籌謀(mou)劃(hua)產業發(fa)展(zhan)、基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施、公共服務、資源能(neng)源、生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保護(hu)等(deng)主要(yao)布(bu)(bu)局,形(xing)成田(tian)園(yuan)(yuan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)與現代(dai)(dai)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮各(ge)(ge)具特色、交相(xiang)輝映的城(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)形(xing)態(tai)。強(qiang)化(hua)縣(xian)域(yu)(yu)空間(jian)規劃(hua)和各(ge)(ge)類(lei)專項規劃(hua)引(yin)導約(yue)束(shu)作用(yong),科學(xue)安(an)排縣(xian)域(yu)(yu)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)布(bu)(bu)局、資源利(li)用(yong)、設(she)(she)施配置和村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)整治,推動(dong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)規劃(hua)管理(li)全(quan)覆(fu)蓋。綜(zong)合考(kao)慮村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)演變(bian)規律、集(ji)聚特點和現狀分(fen)布(bu)(bu),結合農民生(sheng)產生(sheng)活半徑,合理(li)確定縣(xian)域(yu)(yu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)布(bu)(bu)局和規模,避免隨意(yi)撤(che)并村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)搞大(da)社(she)區(qu)、違背農民意(yi)愿大(da)拆大(da)建(jian)。加強(qiang)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)風貌整體(ti)管控,注重農房單體(ti)個性設(she)(she)計,建(jian)設(she)(she)立足鄉(xiang)土社(she)會(hui)、富有地域(yu)(yu)特色、承載田(tian)園(yuan)(yuan)鄉(xiang)愁(chou)、體(ti)現現代(dai)(dai)文明的升級(ji)版鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun),避免千村(cun)(cun)(cun)一面,防止鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)景觀城(cheng)(cheng)市化(hua)。
第(di)八(ba)章 優化鄉村(cun)發(fa)展布局
堅持人(ren)口(kou)資源環境相均衡、經(jing)濟社(she)會生(sheng)(sheng)態效(xiao)(xiao)益相統(tong)一,打(da)造集約(yue)高效(xiao)(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)(kong)間,營造宜居(ju)適度生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)空(kong)(kong)間,保護山清水(shui)秀(xiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態空(kong)(kong)間,延續(xu)人(ren)和自然(ran)有(you)機融合的(de)鄉村空(kong)(kong)間關系。
第一節 統籌(chou)利用生產空間
鄉村生產空間是以提供農產品為主體功能的國土空間,兼具生態功能。圍繞保障國家糧食安全和重要農產品供給,充分發揮各地比較優勢,重點建設以“七區二十三帶”為主體的農產品主產區。落實農業功能區制度,科學合理劃定糧食生產功能區、重要農產品生產保護區和特色農產品優勢區,合理劃定養殖業適養、限養、禁養區域,嚴格保護農業生產空間。適應農村現代產業發(fa)展需要,科學劃分鄉村經濟發(fa)展片區(qu),統籌推進農業(ye)產業(ye)園(yuan)、科技園(yuan)、創業(ye)園(yuan)等(deng)各(ge)類(lei)園(yuan)區(qu)建設。
第二(er)節 合理布局生活空間(jian)
鄉村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活空間(jian)是以農村(cun)居(ju)民(min)點為(wei)主體、為(wei)農民(min)提供生(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)活服務(wu)的(de)國土空間(jian)。堅持節約集約用地,遵循(xun)鄉村(cun)傳統肌理和(he)(he)格局(ju),劃定空間(jian)管控邊界,明確用地規(gui)模和(he)(he)管控要求(qiu),確定基礎設施用地位置(zhi)、規(gui)模和(he)(he)建設標準,合理配置(zhi)公共(gong)服務(wu)設施,引導(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)活空間(jian)尺度適(shi)宜(yi)、布局(ju)協調、功能齊全。充分維(wei)護原(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)態村(cun)居(ju)風貌,保(bao)(bao)留(liu)鄉村(cun)景觀特色,保(bao)(bao)護自然和(he)(he)人文環境,注重(zhong)融入時代感(gan)、現代性(xing),強化空間(jian)利(li)用的(de)人性(xing)化、多樣化,著力構建便捷(jie)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活圈、完善的(de)服務(wu)圈、繁榮的(de)商(shang)業圈,讓(rang)鄉村(cun)居(ju)民(min)過上更舒(shu)適(shi)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活。
第三節 嚴格保護生態空間
鄉村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)是(shi)具有自(zi)(zi)然屬性(xing)、以(yi)提供生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)產品(pin)或生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)服務為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)能的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)土空(kong)間(jian)。加(jia)快構(gou)建以(yi)“兩屏三帶”為(wei)(wei)骨架的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安全(quan)屏障,全(quan)面(mian)加(jia)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功(gong)能區保(bao)護,建立以(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家公園為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護地體(ti)系。樹立山(shan)水林田湖草(cao)是(shi)一個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命共同體(ti)的(de)理(li)念,加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)自(zi)(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空(kong)間(jian)的(de)整體(ti)保(bao)護,修復和(he)(he)(he)改善鄉村(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境,提升(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功(gong)能和(he)(he)(he)服務價值(zhi)。全(quan)面(mian)實施(shi)產業準(zhun)入負(fu)面(mian)清單(dan)制(zhi)度(du)(du),推(tui)動各地因地制(zhi)宜制(zhi)定禁(jin)止(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)限制(zhi)發(fa)展(zhan)產業目錄,明確(que)產業發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)開發(fa)強(qiang)度(du)(du),強(qiang)化準(zhun)入管理(li)和(he)(he)(he)底線約(yue)束。
第九章(zhang) 分類推進(jin)鄉村發展
順應(ying)村莊(zhuang)發展(zhan)規律和(he)演(yan)變趨勢(shi),根據(ju)不同村莊(zhuang)的(de)發展(zhan)現狀、區位條件、資源稟賦等,按照集聚提升、融(rong)入(ru)城鎮、特色保護、搬遷撤(che)并的(de)思(si)路,分類推(tui)進鄉(xiang)村振興,不搞(gao)一(yi)刀(dao)切。
第一(yi)節 集聚提(ti)升(sheng)類(lei)村莊
現有規模較(jiao)大的(de)(de)中(zhong)心村和其他仍將(jiang)存(cun)續的(de)(de)一般村莊(zhuang),占(zhan)鄉村類型的(de)(de)大多數,是鄉村振興的(de)(de)重點。科(ke)學確定村莊(zhuang)發展(zhan)方向,在原(yuan)有規模基礎上有序推進改造提(ti)升,激活產業(ye)、優(you)化環境、提(ti)振人(ren)氣、增添活力,保護保留鄉村風貌,建設宜居宜業(ye)的(de)(de)美(mei)麗村莊(zhuang)。鼓勵發揮(hui)自(zi)身(shen)比較(jiao)優(you)勢,強(qiang)(qiang)化主(zhu)導產業(ye)支(zhi)撐(cheng),支(zhi)持農(nong)業(ye)、工貿(mao)、休閑服務等專業(ye)化村莊(zhuang)發展(zhan)。加強(qiang)(qiang)海(hai)島村莊(zhuang)、國有農(nong)場及林場規劃建設,改善生產生活條(tiao)件。
第二節(jie) 城(cheng)郊融(rong)合類村莊
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)近郊區以及縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關鎮所在地的(de)村莊,具(ju)備成為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)后花(hua)園的(de)優勢,也具(ju)有向(xiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)轉型的(de)條件。綜合考慮工業(ye)化(hua)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮化(hua)和(he)村莊自身發展(zhan)需要,加快城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉產業(ye)融(rong)合發展(zhan)、基(ji)礎設施互聯互通、公(gong)共服務(wu)共建(jian)共享(xiang),在形(xing)態(tai)上(shang)保(bao)留鄉村風(feng)貌,在治理上(shang)體現城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)水平,逐步強(qiang)化(hua)服務(wu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)、承接城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)功能外(wai)溢、滿足(zu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)消(xiao)費需求能力,為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉融(rong)合發展(zhan)提供實踐經驗。
第三節 特色保護類村莊
歷史(shi)文化(hua)名(ming)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)落、少數民族特(te)色村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)寨、特(te)色景(jing)觀旅游名(ming)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)等(deng)自然(ran)歷史(shi)文化(hua)特(te)色資(zi)源豐富(fu)的村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊,是彰顯和傳(chuan)承中(zhong)華優秀傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)文化(hua)的重要載體。統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌保護(hu)(hu)、利(li)用與(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)的關系,努力保持村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊的完整性(xing)(xing)、真(zhen)實(shi)性(xing)(xing)和延(yan)續性(xing)(xing)。切實(shi)保護(hu)(hu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊的傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)選址、格(ge)局、風(feng)貌以及(ji)自然(ran)和田園景(jing)觀等(deng)整體空間形態與(yu)環境(jing),全面保護(hu)(hu)文物古跡(ji)、歷史(shi)建筑(zhu)、傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)民居等(deng)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)建筑(zhu)。尊(zun)重原住居民生(sheng)活形態和傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)習慣(guan),加快(kuai)改善村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊基(ji)礎(chu)設施和公共環境(jing),合理利(li)用村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊特(te)色資(zi)源,發(fa)展(zhan)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)旅游和特(te)色產業,形成特(te)色資(zi)源保護(hu)(hu)與(yu)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊發(fa)展(zhan)的良性(xing)(xing)互促(cu)機(ji)制(zhi)。
第四(si)節 搬遷撤并類村莊
對位于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)條件惡劣、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)脆弱、自然災(zai)害頻發(fa)等(deng)地區(qu)的(de)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang),因(yin)重(zhong)大項目建設(she)需要搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)的(de)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang),以及人口流(liu)失(shi)特別嚴重(zhong)的(de)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang),可通過易地扶貧搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)宜居搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)、農村(cun)(cun)集聚發(fa)展搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)等(deng)方式,實施(shi)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)撤并,統籌(chou)解決村(cun)(cun)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)計、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)等(deng)問題。擬搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)撤并的(de)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang),嚴格限(xian)制(zhi)新建、擴(kuo)建活動,統籌(chou)考(kao)慮擬遷(qian)(qian)入或新建村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)基礎設(she)施(shi)和(he)公共服務設(she)施(shi)建設(she)。堅持村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)撤并與新型城鎮化、農業現代化相(xiang)結合,依(yi)托適(shi)宜區(qu)域進行安(an)置,避免(mian)新建孤立的(de)村(cun)(cun)落式移(yi)民(min)社區(qu)。搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)撤并后的(de)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)原(yuan)址,因(yin)地制(zhi)宜復(fu)墾或還綠,增加鄉村(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間。農村(cun)(cun)居民(min)點遷(qian)(qian)建和(he)村(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)撤并,必(bi)須尊重(zhong)農民(min)意(yi)愿并經(jing)村(cun)(cun)民(min)會議同意(yi),不得強制(zhi)農民(min)搬(ban)(ban)遷(qian)(qian)和(he)集中上樓。
第十章(zhang) 堅決打好精準脫(tuo)貧攻堅戰(zhan)
把(ba)打好(hao)精準脫(tuo)(tuo)貧攻堅戰(zhan)作(zuo)為實(shi)施鄉村(cun)(cun)振興戰(zhan)略(lve)的優先任務,推動脫(tuo)(tuo)貧攻堅與鄉村(cun)(cun)振興有機結合相互促進,確(que)保到2020年我(wo)國(guo)現行標準下農村(cun)(cun)貧困人口實(shi)現脫(tuo)(tuo)貧,貧困縣(xian)全部摘帽,解決區域性整體(ti)貧困。
第一節(jie) 深入實施(shi)精準(zhun)扶貧(pin)精準(zhun)脫(tuo)貧(pin)
健全(quan)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)制,夯實(shi)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)基礎性工(gong)作(zuo)。因(yin)地制宜、因(yin)戶施策,探索多渠道、多樣化的(de)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)路徑,提(ti)高(gao)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)措施針對性和(he)有效性。做好東西(xi)部扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)協(xie)作(zuo)和(he)對口(kou)支(zhi)援工(gong)作(zuo),著力(li)推(tui)動縣(xian)與縣(xian)精(jing)準(zhun)(zhun)對接,推(tui)進東部產(chan)業(ye)向西(xi)部梯度轉移,加大(da)(da)產(chan)業(ye)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(zuo)力(li)度。加強和(he)改進定點扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)工(gong)作(zuo),健全(quan)駐村(cun)幫(bang)扶(fu)(fu)機(ji)制,落實(shi)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)責任。加大(da)(da)金融扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)力(li)度。健全(quan)社會(hui)(hui)力(li)量參與機(ji)制,引導激勵(li)社會(hui)(hui)各(ge)界更加關注(zhu)、支(zhi)持和(he)參與脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)攻堅。
第(di)二(er)節 重點攻克深度貧困
實施(shi)深(shen)(shen)度貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困地(di)區(qu)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻(gong)(gong)堅(jian)行動(dong)方案(an)。以解(jie)決突出(chu)制約問題為重點(dian),以重大(da)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)工程和(he)(he)到村到戶到人(ren)幫扶(fu)(fu)為抓手,加大(da)政(zheng)策傾斜和(he)(he)扶(fu)(fu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)資金整合力(li)度,著力(li)改善深(shen)(shen)度貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困地(di)區(qu)發(fa)展條件,增(zeng)(zeng)強貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困農戶發(fa)展能力(li)。推動(dong)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻(gong)(gong)堅(jian)資金、新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻(gong)(gong)堅(jian)項目、新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)脫(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻(gong)(gong)堅(jian)舉措主要用于“三區(qu)三州”等深(shen)(shen)度貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困地(di)區(qu)。推進貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困村基(ji)礎設施(shi)和(he)(he)公共服務設施(shi)建(jian)設,培(pei)育壯大(da)集(ji)體經濟(ji),確保深(shen)(shen)度貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困地(di)區(qu)和(he)(he)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困群眾同全(quan)國人(ren)民一道進入全(quan)面小康社會。
第三節(jie) 鞏(gong)固脫貧攻堅成果
加(jia)快建立(li)健(jian)全緩解(jie)相(xiang)對貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)體系和工(gong)(gong)作機(ji)制,持續改善欠發(fa)達地(di)區(qu)和其(qi)他地(di)區(qu)相(xiang)對貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)人口的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)條件,完善公共服務體系,增(zeng)強脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)區(qu)“造血”功能。結(jie)合實施(shi)鄉(xiang)村振興戰略,壓茬推進(jin)實施(shi)生態宜(yi)居搬(ban)(ban)遷等工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),鞏固(gu)易(yi)地(di)扶貧(pin)(pin)(pin)搬(ban)(ban)遷成果(guo)。注(zhu)重扶志扶智,引導(dao)(dao)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)克服“等靠(kao)要”思想,逐步(bu)消(xiao)除精神貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)。建立(li)正向激勵(li)機(ji)制,將(jiang)幫(bang)扶政(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施(shi)與(yu)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)參與(yu)掛鉤,培育(yu)提升貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)展(zhan)生產和務工(gong)(gong)經商的(de)基本能力。加(jia)強宣傳引導(dao)(dao),講好中國減貧(pin)(pin)(pin)故(gu)事(shi)。認(ren)真總結(jie)脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)攻堅經驗,研究建立(li)促進(jin)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)穩(wen)定脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)和防范返貧(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)長效(xiao)機(ji)制,探索統籌解(jie)決城鄉(xiang)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施(shi),確保貧(pin)(pin)(pin)困(kun)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)(zhong)穩(wen)定脫(tuo)(tuo)貧(pin)(pin)(pin)。
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第四篇 加快農業現代化步伐
堅持質(zhi)量興農(nong)(nong)、品(pin)牌強農(nong)(nong),深化農(nong)(nong)業(ye)供給側結構性(xing)改革,構建現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)體系、生(sheng)(sheng)產體系、經(jing)營體系,推動(dong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)發展質(zhi)量變革、效率變革、動(dong)力(li)(li)變革,持續提高農(nong)(nong)業(ye)創新力(li)(li)、競爭力(li)(li)和全要素生(sheng)(sheng)產率。
第(di)十一章 夯實農業生產能力基礎
深入實施藏(zang)(zang)糧(liang)于地、藏(zang)(zang)糧(liang)于技(ji)戰略(lve),提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)業綜合生產能力,保(bao)障國家糧(liang)食安全和重要(yao)農(nong)(nong)產品有效(xiao)供給,把(ba)中(zhong)(zhong)國人的飯(fan)碗牢(lao)牢(lao)端在自(zi)己手中(zhong)(zhong)。
第一節 健(jian)全糧食安全保(bao)障機制
堅持(chi)以(yi)我為主、立足國內、確(que)保產能、適度進(jin)口(kou)、科(ke)技支(zhi)撐的國家糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)戰(zhan)略,建立全(quan)(quan)方(fang)位的糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)機(ji)制。按照“確(que)保谷物基本自(zi)給、口(kou)糧(liang)絕對安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)”的要(yao)求,持(chi)續(xu)鞏固和(he)提升(sheng)糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生產能力。深化中央儲(chu)備(bei)糧(liang)管理體(ti)制改革,科(ke)學(xue)確(que)定儲(chu)備(bei)規模,強(qiang)化中央儲(chu)備(bei)糧(liang)監(jian)督管理,推進(jin)中央、地方(fang)兩級儲(chu)備(bei)協同運(yun)作。鼓(gu)勵加工流(liu)通企業(ye)、新型經營主體(ti)開展自(zi)主儲(chu)糧(liang)和(he)經營。全(quan)(quan)面落實糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)省長(chang)責任制,完(wan)善監(jian)督考(kao)核機(ji)制。強(qiang)化糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)。加快完(wan)善糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)代物流(liu)體(ti)系,構建安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)高效、一體(ti)化運(yun)作的糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)物流(liu)網絡(luo)。
第(di)二節 加強耕地保護(hu)和(he)建設
嚴守耕(geng)地紅線,全面落實(shi)永(yong)久基本農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)特殊保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)度,完成(cheng)永(yong)久基本農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)控(kong)制(zhi)線劃(hua)定工作(zuo),確保(bao)(bao)(bao)到2020年永(yong)久基本農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)面積不低于15.46億(yi)畝(mu)。大規模推(tui)進(jin)高(gao)標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)建(jian)設(she),確保(bao)(bao)(bao)到2022年建(jian)成(cheng)10億(yi)畝(mu)高(gao)標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),所有(you)高(gao)標準(zhun)(zhun)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)實(shi)現統一上圖入庫,形(xing)成(cheng)完善的管護(hu)監督和(he)考核機制(zhi)。加快將糧食生產(chan)功能區(qu)和(he)重要農(nong)產(chan)品生產(chan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)細化(hua)落實(shi)到具體地塊,實(shi)現精準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)管理。加強農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利基礎設(she)施建(jian)設(she),實(shi)施耕(geng)地質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)提(ti)升行動(dong),到2022年農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)有(you)效灌(guan)溉面積達到10.4億(yi)畝(mu),耕(geng)地質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)平均提(ti)升0.5個等級(別)以上。
第三節 提升(sheng)農業(ye)裝備和信息化水平
推進我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備和農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)升級(ji),加(jia)快(kuai)高(gao)端農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備和丘陵山區、果(guo)菜茶生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、畜禽水產(chan)(chan)養殖(zhi)等農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)研發、推廣應用,提(ti)升漁業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)船舶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備水平(ping)(ping)。促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藝融(rong)合(he),積(ji)極(ji)推進作物(wu)(wu)(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)、栽培技術(shu)和機(ji)(ji)械裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備集成(cheng)配套,加(jia)快(kuai)主要作物(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)全(quan)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)(hua),提(ti)高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)備智能化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)(ping)。加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)建設,積(ji)極(ji)推進信(xin)息(xi)(xi)進村入戶(hu),鼓勵互(hu)聯網企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建立產(chan)(chan)銷銜接的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)服務平(ping)(ping)臺,加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)監測(ce)預警和發布,提(ti)高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合(he)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)服務水平(ping)(ping)。大力發展數(shu)字農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),實施(shi)智慧(hui)(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工程(cheng)和“互(hu)聯網+”現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)動,鼓勵對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)進行(xing)數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)改(gai)造,加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)遙(yao)感、物(wu)(wu)(wu)聯網應用,提(ti)高(gao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)精準化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)(ping)。發展智慧(hui)(hui)氣象,提(ti)升氣象為農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)服務能力。
第十二章 加快農業(ye)轉型升級
按照建設現代化經(jing)濟體系的(de)要求,加快(kuai)農業結構調整步伐,著力推動農業由增產導(dao)向(xiang)轉(zhuan)向(xiang)提(ti)質(zhi)導(dao)向(xiang),提(ti)高農業供給(gei)體系的(de)整體質(zhi)量和效率,加快(kuai)實現由農業大國向(xiang)農業強(qiang)國轉(zhuan)變(bian)。
第一(yi)節 優(you)化農業生產力布(bu)局
以全國主(zhu)體功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)劃確定(ding)(ding)的農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)主(zhu)體,立足各地(di)(di)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資源稟(bing)賦和(he)(he)比較優(you)勢(shi)(shi),構建優(you)勢(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)布(bu)局和(he)(he)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)格局,打造農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)先行區(qu)(qu)(qu)。東北(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)重點(dian)提升(sheng)糧(liang)食生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力,依托“大糧(liang)倉”打造糧(liang)肉(rou)奶綜合供(gong)應基地(di)(di)。華北(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)著力穩定(ding)(ding)糧(liang)油和(he)(he)蔬菜、畜產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)保障(zhang)能(neng)力,發展節水(shui)型(xing)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。長江中(zhong)下游(you)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)切實穩定(ding)(ding)糧(liang)油生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力,優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)水(shui)網(wang)地(di)(di)帶生(sheng)(sheng)豬養殖(zhi)布(bu)局,大力發展名優(you)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。華南(nan)(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)加快(kuai)發展現代(dai)(dai)畜禽(qin)水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)特色園藝產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin),發展具有出口優(you)勢(shi)(shi)的水(shui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)養殖(zhi)。西(xi)北(bei)、西(xi)南(nan)(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)北(bei)方農(nong)牧交錯區(qu)(qu)(qu)加快(kuai)調(diao)整產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)結構,限制資源消耗大的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)規模,壯大區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)特色產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。青海、西(xi)藏等生(sheng)(sheng)態脆弱區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)堅持保護優(you)先、限制開發,發展高(gao)原特色農(nong)牧業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
第二節 推(tui)進農(nong)業結(jie)構(gou)調整
加(jia)快發展(zhan)糧(liang)經飼統(tong)籌、種(zhong)養(yang)加(jia)一體(ti)、農(nong)牧(mu)(mu)(mu)漁(yu)(yu)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)的現代農(nong)業(ye),促進(jin)(jin)農(nong)業(ye)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)不斷優(you)化(hua)(hua)升級。統(tong)籌調(diao)整種(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)結(jie)(jie)構(gou),穩定(ding)水(shui)稻、小麥(mai)生(sheng)產(chan),有序調(diao)減非優(you)勢區(qu)籽粒玉米(mi),進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)豆生(sheng)產(chan)規模,鞏固(gu)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)棉油糖(tang)膠(jiao)生(sheng)產(chan),確保一定(ding)的自給水(shui)平。大(da)(da)力發展(zhan)優(you)質飼料牧(mu)(mu)(mu)草,合(he)(he)理利(li)用退耕地(di)、南方草山草坡和(he)(he)冬閑田拓展(zhan)飼草發展(zhan)空間。推進(jin)(jin)畜牧(mu)(mu)(mu)業(ye)區(qu)域(yu)布局調(diao)整,合(he)(he)理布局規模化(hua)(hua)養(yang)殖場(chang),大(da)(da)力發展(zhan)種(zhong)養(yang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)循環農(nong)業(ye),促進(jin)(jin)養(yang)殖廢(fei)棄(qi)物就近(jin)資源化(hua)(hua)利(li)用。優(you)化(hua)(hua)畜牧(mu)(mu)(mu)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)結(jie)(jie)構(gou),大(da)(da)力發展(zhan)草食畜牧(mu)(mu)(mu)業(ye),做大(da)(da)做強(qiang)民族奶業(ye)。加(jia)強(qiang)漁(yu)(yu)港經濟區(qu)建(jian)設,推進(jin)(jin)漁(yu)(yu)港漁(yu)(yu)區(qu)振興。合(he)(he)理確定(ding)內(nei)陸(lu)水(shui)域(yu)養(yang)殖規模,發展(zhan)集約化(hua)(hua)、工廠化(hua)(hua)水(shui)產(chan)養(yang)殖和(he)(he)深遠海(hai)養(yang)殖,降低江河湖泊和(he)(he)近(jin)海(hai)漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)捕撈強(qiang)度,規范有序發展(zhan)遠洋漁(yu)(yu)業(ye)。
第三節 壯大特色優勢產(chan)業
以各地資源稟賦和獨特的歷史文化為基礎,有序開發優勢特色資源,做大做強優勢特色產業。創建特色鮮明、優勢集聚、市場競爭力強的特色農產品優勢區,支持特色農產品優勢區建設標準化生產基地、加工基地、倉儲物流基地,完善科技支撐體系、品牌與市場營銷體系、質量控制體系,建立利益聯結緊密的建設運行機制,形成特色農業產業集群。按(an)照與國(guo)際標(biao)準接(jie)軌的目標(biao),支持建立生產精細化管理與產品(pin)品(pin)質控制體(ti)系,采(cai)用國(guo)際通行(xing)的良好農業規范,塑(su)造(zao)(zao)現代頂級農產品(pin)品(pin)牌。實施(shi)產業興村強(qiang)縣行(xing)動,培育農業產業強(qiang)鎮,打造(zao)(zao)一(yi)(yi)鄉一(yi)(yi)業、一(yi)(yi)村一(yi)(yi)品(pin)的發展格局(ju)。
第四節 保障農產品質量(liang)安全
實(shi)(shi)施食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)戰略,加快(kuai)完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)和(he)(he)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)、監(jian)(jian)管體系(xi),加快(kuai)建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)分級及(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)準(zhun)出、市場(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)(ru)制(zhi)度(du)。完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)獸藥(yao)殘留(liu)限量(liang)標準(zhun)體系(xi),推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)投入(ru)(ru)品(pin)(pin)(pin)使用規范化。建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)風險評估(gu)、監(jian)(jian)測預警和(he)(he)應急處置機制(zhi)。實(shi)(shi)施動植(zhi)物保護能(neng)力提升(sheng)工程,實(shi)(shi)現全(quan)(quan)國動植(zhi)物檢疫防疫聯防聯控(kong)。完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認證體系(xi)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管追(zhui)溯系(xi)統,著(zhu)力提高基(ji)層監(jian)(jian)管能(neng)力。落實(shi)(shi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者主(zhu)體責任,強化農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者的(de)質量(liang)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識。建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)(nong)資和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業信用信息(xi)系(xi)統,對失(shi)信市場(chang)主(zhu)體開(kai)展聯合(he)懲戒。
第五節 培育提升農業品牌
實施農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)提升(sheng)(sheng)行動,加快形成以(yi)區域(yu)公用品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)、企業(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)、大宗農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)、特色農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)為核(he)心的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)格局。推進區域(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)公共品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)建(jian)設,擦亮(liang)老品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai),塑強(qiang)新品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai),引入現代要素改造提升(sheng)(sheng)傳統(tong)名(ming)優品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai),努力打(da)造一批國際知名(ming)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)和國際品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)展會(hui)。做好(hao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)宣傳推介,借助農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)博覽(lan)會(hui)、展銷(xiao)會(hui)等渠道,充分利用電商、“互聯網+”等新興(xing)手(shou)段,加強(qiang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)市場(chang)營銷(xiao)。加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)商標(biao)(biao)及(ji)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志商標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)注(zhu)冊(ce)和保護,構建(jian)我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)保護體系,打(da)擊各種(zhong)冒用、濫用公用品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)行為,建(jian)立(li)區域(yu)公用品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)授(shou)權使用機制以(yi)及(ji)品(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)危(wei)機預警(jing)、風險規避和緊急(ji)事件應(ying)對機制。
第(di)六節(jie) 構(gou)建(jian)農業對外開放新(xin)格局
建立健全農產品貿易政策體系。實施特色優勢農產品出口提升行動,擴大高附加值農產品出口。積極參與全球糧農治理。加強與“一帶一路”沿線國家(jia)合(he)作,積極支持(chi)有(you)條件(jian)的農(nong)業企業走出(chu)去。建立農(nong)業對(dui)外合(he)作公共(gong)信(xin)息服務平臺和信(xin)用評(ping)價體系。放(fang)寬農(nong)業外資(zi)準入,促進引資(zi)引技引智相結合(he)。
第十(shi)三章 建立(li)現代農業經營體系
堅持家(jia)庭經(jing)營(ying)在農(nong)(nong)(nong)業中的(de)基礎性地(di)位,構建家(jia)庭經(jing)營(ying)、集體經(jing)營(ying)、合作經(jing)營(ying)、企業經(jing)營(ying)等共同發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業經(jing)營(ying)體系,發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)多種形式適度規模經(jing)營(ying),發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壯大農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)集體經(jing)濟,提高農(nong)(nong)(nong)業的(de)集約化(hua)、專(zhuan)業化(hua)、組(zu)織化(hua)、社會(hui)化(hua)水平,有效(xiao)帶動(dong)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
第一節 鞏(gong)固和完善農村基本經營制度
落實農(nong)(nong)(nong)村土(tu)(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)關系穩定并長(chang)久不變(bian)政(zheng)策,銜接落實好第二輪(lun)土(tu)(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)到期后(hou)再延長(chang)30年的政(zheng)策,讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)吃(chi)上(shang)長(chang)效(xiao)“定心(xin)丸(wan)”。全面(mian)完成土(tu)(tu)地(di)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權(quan)確(que)權(quan)登記頒證(zheng)工作(zuo),完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)村承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)地(di)“三權(quan)分(fen)置”制度,在依法保護集(ji)(ji)體所有(you)(you)權(quan)和農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)權(quan)前提下,平等保護土(tu)(tu)地(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權(quan)。建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)(nong)村產權(quan)交(jiao)易平臺(tai),加強土(tu)(tu)地(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權(quan)流轉(zhuan)和規模經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)的管理(li)服務。加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)用地(di)用途(tu)管制。完善集(ji)(ji)體林(lin)(lin)(lin)權(quan)制度,引導(dao)規范有(you)(you)序(xu)流轉(zhuan),鼓勵發展家庭林(lin)(lin)(lin)場、股份(fen)合(he)作(zuo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)場。發展壯大(da)農(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)國有(you)(you)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業經(jing)(jing)濟(ji),培(pei)育一(yi)批具有(you)(you)國際競爭力(li)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)墾(ken)企業集(ji)(ji)團。
第二節 壯大新型農(nong)業(ye)經營主(zhu)體
實施新型(xing)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體培(pei)育工程,鼓勵通過多種形(xing)式開展適度規模(mo)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)。培(pei)育發展家庭農(nong)場,提升農(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)合作(zuo)社(she)規范化(hua)水平,鼓勵發展農(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)合作(zuo)社(she)聯(lian)合社(she)。不斷壯大(da)農(nong)林(lin)產業(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye),鼓勵建立現代企業(ye)(ye)制度。鼓勵工商資本到農(nong)村投(tou)資適合產業(ye)(ye)化(hua)、規模(mo)化(hua)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)項(xiang)目(mu),提供區(qu)域性(xing)、系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)解決方案,與當(dang)地農(nong)戶形(xing)成(cheng)互惠共贏的(de)產業(ye)(ye)共同體。加(jia)快(kuai)建立新型(xing)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體支(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)策體系(xi)和信用評價體系(xi),落(luo)實財政(zheng)、稅收、土地、信貸、保險(xian)等(deng)支(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)策,擴大(da)新型(xing)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體承擔涉(she)農(nong)項(xiang)目(mu)規模(mo)。
第三節 發展(zhan)新型農村集體經(jing)濟(ji)
深入(ru)推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)產權(quan)制(zhi)度改革,推(tui)動資(zi)源變(bian)資(zi)產、資(zi)金變(bian)股金、農(nong)(nong)民變(bian)股東,發(fa)展多種形式的股份(fen)合作。完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)民對集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)資(zi)產股份(fen)的占有(you)(you)、收益(yi)、有(you)(you)償退出及抵(di)押、擔保(bao)、繼承等權(quan)能(neng)和管(guan)理辦法(fa)(fa)。研(yan)究(jiu)制(zhi)定(ding)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa),充(chong)實農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)產權(quan)權(quan)能(neng)。鼓勵經濟(ji)(ji)實力強(qiang)的農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)輻射帶(dai)動周邊村(cun)(cun)莊共(gong)同(tong)發(fa)展。發(fa)揮(hui)村(cun)(cun)黨(dang)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)對集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)經濟(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)的領導(dao)核心(xin)作用,防止內部少(shao)數人控制(zhi)和外(wai)部資(zi)本(ben)侵占集(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)資(zi)產。
第四節(jie) 促(cu)進(jin)小農(nong)戶生產(chan)和現代(dai)農(nong)業發展有(you)機銜接
改善小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)生(sheng)產(chan)設施條件,提(ti)高個體農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)抵御自然(ran)風(feng)(feng)險能(neng)力(li)(li)。發展多(duo)樣化的聯合與合作,提(ti)升(sheng)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)組(zu)織化程度。鼓勵新(xin)型(xing)經營(ying)主(zhu)體與小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)建立契約型(xing)、股(gu)權(quan)型(xing)利益(yi)(yi)聯結機制,帶動小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)專業化生(sheng)產(chan),提(ti)高小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)自我發展能(neng)力(li)(li)。健(jian)全(quan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業社會化服務體系,大力(li)(li)培育新(xin)型(xing)服務主(zhu)體,加(jia)快發展“一(yi)站式”農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產(chan)性(xing)服務業。加(jia)強工商(shang)企業租賃(lin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)承(cheng)包地的用途監管和風(feng)(feng)險防范,健(jian)全(quan)資格(ge)審(shen)查(cha)、項(xiang)目(mu)審(shen)核、風(feng)(feng)險保障金制度,維(wei)護(hu)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)權(quan)益(yi)(yi)。
第十四章 強化農(nong)業(ye)科技(ji)支撐
深入實施創新驅動發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略,加快農業科(ke)技(ji)進(jin)步,提高農業科(ke)技(ji)自主創新水平、成果轉(zhuan)化水平,為農業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)拓展(zhan)(zhan)新空間(jian)、增添新動能,引領支撐農業轉(zhuan)型升級和提質(zhi)增效。
第(di)一節 提升農業科技創新水平
培育(yu)符合現(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)發展(zhan)要求的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)主(zhu)體,建立健全(quan)各類創(chuang)新(xin)主(zhu)體協調互(hu)動和(he)(he)創(chuang)新(xin)要素高效配置的(de)(de)國家農(nong)業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技創(chuang)新(xin)體系。強化農(nong)業(ye)基礎研(yan)究(jiu),實現(xian)前(qian)瞻性(xing)基礎研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)(he)原(yuan)創(chuang)性(xing)重大成果突破(po)。加強種(zhong)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)、現(xian)代(dai)食品(pin)、農(nong)機裝備、農(nong)業(ye)污染防(fang)治、農(nong)村環境(jing)整治等方面的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)工作。深化農(nong)業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技體制改革,改進(jin)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)項目評審(shen)、人才評價和(he)(he)機構評估工作,建立差別化評價制度(du)。深入實施現(xian)代(dai)種(zhong)業(ye)提升工程(cheng),開展(zhan)良種(zhong)重大科(ke)(ke)研(yan)聯合攻關,培育(yu)具有國際(ji)競爭力的(de)(de)種(zhong)業(ye)龍頭企業(ye),推動建設種(zhong)業(ye)科(ke)(ke)技強國。
第二節 打造農業科技創新平臺基地(di)
建設國家農業高新技術產業示范區、國家農業科技園區、省級農業科技園區,吸引更多的(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)到科(ke)技(ji)園區落戶,培育國(guo)際領(ling)先的(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),形成(cheng)具有國(guo)際競爭力的(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。新(xin)建(jian)(jian)一批科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)聯盟,支持農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)建(jian)(jian)立高(gao)水平研(yan)發機構。利用(yong)(yong)現有資源(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)域國(guo)家技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)中心(xin),加強重(zhong)大共(gong)(gong)(gong)性(xing)關鍵技(ji)術(shu)和產(chan)品(pin)研(yan)發與應用(yong)(yong)示范。建(jian)(jian)設(she)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)放(fang)共(gong)(gong)(gong)享(xiang)與服務(wu)(wu)平臺,充分發揮重(zhong)要(yao)公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)科(ke)技(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)優勢,推(tui)動(dong)面向(xiang)科(ke)技(ji)界(jie)開(kai)放(fang)共(gong)(gong)(gong)享(xiang),整合(he)和完善科(ke)技(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)共(gong)(gong)(gong)享(xiang)服務(wu)(wu)平臺。
第三節 加快農業科技成果(guo)轉化應用
鼓勵高校(xiao)、科(ke)研(yan)院所建立(li)一批專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)轉(zhuan)移機構和面(mian)向企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)服務(wu)網絡,通過研(yan)發(fa)合作、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)轉(zhuan)讓、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)許可、作價(jia)投資等多種形式,實(shi)現(xian)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)(guo)市場價(jia)值(zhi)。健全省市縣(xian)三級科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)化工(gong)作網絡,支持地(di)方大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交易市場。面(mian)向綠色(se)興農(nong)重大(da)需求,加(jia)大(da)綠色(se)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)供給,加(jia)強集成(cheng)應用和示范(fan)推(tui)(tui)廣。健全基(ji)層農(nong)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)推(tui)(tui)廣體系,創(chuang)新(xin)公益性農(nong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣服務(wu)方式,支持各類社會(hui)力(li)量參與農(nong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣,全面(mian)實(shi)施農(nong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣服務(wu)特聘計劃,加(jia)強農(nong)業(ye)(ye)重大(da)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)協同推(tui)(tui)廣。健全農(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)領域分配政策,落實(shi)科(ke)研(yan)成(cheng)果(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)化及(ji)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)激(ji)勵相(xiang)關政策。
第十五(wu)章 完善農業支(zhi)持保(bao)護(hu)制度(du)
以(yi)提升農業(ye)質量(liang)效益和(he)競爭(zheng)力為目標,強(qiang)化綠色生態導向,創新完善(shan)政策工具和(he)手段,加快建立新型(xing)農業(ye)支(zhi)持保護政策體(ti)系。
第一(yi)節 加大支農(nong)投(tou)入力(li)度
建立(li)健全國家農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)投入增長機(ji)制,政(zheng)府(fu)固(gu)定(ding)資產(chan)投資繼續向農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)傾斜(xie),優化投入結構(gou),實(shi)施一批打基礎(chu)、管長遠(yuan)、影響全局的(de)重大工程,加快改變農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)基礎(chu)設施薄弱狀況。建立(li)以(yi)綠(lv)色(se)生態(tai)為(wei)導向的(de)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)制度,提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)的(de)指向性和精(jing)準(zhun)性。落實(shi)和完(wan)善(shan)對農(nong)(nong)民直接(jie)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)制度。完(wan)善(shan)糧(liang)(liang)食主產(chan)區利益補(bu)(bu)(bu)償(chang)機(ji)制。繼續支持(chi)糧(liang)(liang)改飼(si)、糧(liang)(liang)豆輪作(zuo)和畜禽(qin)水產(chan)標(biao)準(zhun)化健康養殖(zhi),改革完(wan)善(shan)漁業(ye)(ye)油價補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。完(wan)善(shan)農(nong)(nong)機(ji)購置(zhi)補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce),鼓勵(li)對綠(lv)色(se)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)發展機(ji)具(ju)(ju)、高(gao)性能機(ji)具(ju)(ju)以(yi)及保(bao)證糧(liang)(liang)食等主要農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)機(ji)具(ju)(ju)實(shi)行敞開補(bu)(bu)(bu)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)。
第二節 深化重要農(nong)產(chan)品收儲制度改革(ge)
深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)玉米(mi)收(shou)儲制(zhi)度改革(ge),完善市場化(hua)(hua)(hua)收(shou)購加(jia)補(bu)貼機制(zhi)。合(he)(he)理(li)(li)制(zhi)定大豆補(bu)貼政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。完善稻谷、小麥最(zui)低(di)收(shou)購價(jia)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce),增強政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)靈活性和彈性,合(he)(he)理(li)(li)調(diao)整最(zui)低(di)收(shou)購價(jia)水平,加(jia)快建立健全支持(chi)(chi)保護政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)國(guo)有糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)企(qi)業(ye)改革(ge),培育壯大骨干糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)企(qi)業(ye),引導多元(yuan)市場主體入市收(shou)購,防止出現賣糧(liang)難。深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)棉花目標價(jia)格改革(ge),研究完善食(shi)(shi)糖(tang)(糖(tang)料)、油料支持(chi)(chi)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce),促進價(jia)格合(he)(he)理(li)(li)形成,激發(fa)企(qi)業(ye)活力(li),提高(gao)國(guo)內產業(ye)競爭力(li)。
第三(san)節 提高農業風(feng)險保障能力
完(wan)善農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)政策(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),設(she)計多層次、可選擇、不(bu)同保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)水平的保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。積極開發適應新型農(nong)業(ye)經營主體(ti)(ti)需求的保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)品(pin)種,探索開展(zhan)(zhan)水稻、小麥、玉米(mi)三(san)大(da)主糧作物完(wan)全(quan)成本保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和收入(ru)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian),鼓勵開展(zhan)(zhan)天氣(qi)指數保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、價格(ge)指數保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、貸(dai)款保(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)等試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)。健全(quan)農(nong)業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)災風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)分散機(ji)制。發展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)期(qi)權期(qi)貨(huo)市場,擴大(da)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)+期(qi)貨(huo)”試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian),探索“訂單農(nong)業(ye)+保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)+期(qi)貨(huo)(權)”試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)點(dian)。健全(quan)國門生(sheng)物安全(quan)查驗機(ji)制,推(tui)進(jin)口岸動植物檢(jian)疫規范化建設(she)。強化邊境管理,打(da)擊農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)走私。完(wan)善農(nong)業(ye)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)管理和預警體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。
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第五篇 發(fa)展壯大鄉村產業
以(yi)完(wan)善利益聯結機制為(wei)核心,以(yi)制度、技術和(he)商業模(mo)式創新(xin)為(wei)動力,推(tui)進農村(cun)(cun)(cun)一二三產(chan)業交叉融合,加快發展根植于農業農村(cun)(cun)(cun)、由當(dang)地農民主辦(ban)、彰顯(xian)地域特色和(he)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)價值的產(chan)業體系(xi),推(tui)動鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業全面振(zhen)興。
第(di)十六章 推動農村產業深度融合(he)
把握城(cheng)鄉發展格局發生重要(yao)變化的(de)機(ji)(ji)遇,培育農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)新產業新業態,打造農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展新載體(ti)新模式,推(tui)動要(yao)素跨界配置和產業有機(ji)(ji)融(rong)(rong)合(he),讓農(nong)(nong)村(cun)一二(er)三產業在(zai)融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展中同(tong)步升級、同(tong)步增(zeng)值、同(tong)步受益(yi)。
第一節 發掘(jue)新功能新價值
順應城鄉(xiang)居民消費拓(tuo)展(zhan)升級趨勢,結合(he)(he)各地(di)資(zi)源稟賦(fu),深入(ru)發掘農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村(cun)的生(sheng)態涵養、休(xiu)閑觀光、文化(hua)(hua)體驗、健康養老等多(duo)種功能和(he)多(duo)重價值。遵循市場(chang)規律,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)鄉(xiang)村(cun)資(zi)源全(quan)域(yu)化(hua)(hua)整合(he)(he)、多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)增值,增強地(di)方特色產(chan)(chan)品(pin)時代感(gan)和(he)競爭(zheng)力,形成新的消費熱點,增加鄉(xiang)村(cun)生(sheng)態產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)服(fu)務供給。實(shi)施農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)加工業提(ti)升行動(dong),支(zhi)持開展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加工、綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)關鍵技術研究與(yu)示范,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)初加工、精(jing)深加工、綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)加工和(he)主食加工協調發展(zhan),實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)多(duo)層次、多(duo)環節轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)增值。
第二(er)節 培育新產業(ye)新業(ye)態
深入實施(shi)電子商(shang)務進農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)綜(zong)合(he)示(shi)范,建設具有廣(guang)泛(fan)性的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)電子商(shang)務發(fa)展(zhan)基(ji)礎(chu)設施(shi),加(jia)快(kuai)建立健全適(shi)應農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)電商(shang)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)標準體系(xi)。研(yan)發(fa)綠色(se)智能農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)核(he)心技術(shu),加(jia)快(kuai)培育(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現代(dai)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)主體。加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)商(shang)互聯,密切產(chan)銷銜接,發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)超、農(nong)(nong)(nong)社、農(nong)(nong)(nong)企、農(nong)(nong)(nong)校等產(chan)銷對接的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型流(liu)通業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)。實施(shi)休閑農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)旅(lv)游精品(pin)(pin)工(gong)程(cheng),發(fa)展(zhan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)共享經濟(ji)等新(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai),推動科技、人文等元素融(rong)入農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。強化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)性服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)對現代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)引領支撐作(zuo)用(yong),構建全程(cheng)覆蓋、區域集成、配套完備(bei)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)社會(hui)化(hua)(hua)服務體系(xi)。清理規范制約(yue)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)新(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)行政審批事項。著力優化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)消(xiao)費(fei)環境,不斷優化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)消(xiao)費(fei)結構,提(ti)升(sheng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)消(xiao)費(fei)層次。
第(di)三節 打造新載體(ti)新模式
依托現代農業產業園、農業科技園區、農產品加工園、農村產業融合發展示范園等,打造農村產業融合發展的平臺載體,促進農業內部融合、延伸農業產業鏈、拓展農業多種功能、發展農業新型業態等多模式融合發展。加快培育農商產業聯盟、農業產業化聯合體等新型產業鏈主體,打造一批產加銷一體的全產業鏈企業集群。推進農業循環經濟試點示(shi)范和(he)田園綜(zong)合(he)體(ti)試點建(jian)設。加快培(pei)育一批“農字(zi)號(hao)”特(te)色(se)小(xiao)鎮(zhen),在有條件的地區建(jian)設培(pei)育特(te)色(se)商貿(mao)小(xiao)鎮(zhen),推動農村產業(ye)發展(zhan)與新型城鎮(zhen)化(hua)相結合(he)。
第十七(qi)章 完善(shan)緊密型利益聯結機(ji)制
始終(zhong)堅持把(ba)農(nong)民更(geng)多(duo)分享增值(zhi)收(shou)益(yi)作為基本出發點,著力增強農(nong)民參與融(rong)(rong)合能力,創新收(shou)益(yi)分享模式,健全聯(lian)農(nong)帶農(nong)有效激(ji)勵機(ji)制,讓農(nong)民更(geng)多(duo)分享產業融(rong)(rong)合發展的(de)增值(zhi)收(shou)益(yi)。
第一節 提高農民參(can)與程度
鼓勵農(nong)民以土地(di)、林權(quan)、資金(jin)、勞動、技術、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)為紐帶(dai),開展多種形式(shi)的(de)合(he)(he)作與(yu)(yu)聯合(he)(he),依法組(zu)建農(nong)民專(zhuan)業合(he)(he)作社(she)聯合(he)(he)社(she),強化農(nong)民作為市(shi)場主(zhu)體的(de)平等(deng)(deng)地(di)位。引導農(nong)村集體經濟組(zu)織挖掘集體土地(di)、房屋、設施等(deng)(deng)資源和資產(chan)(chan)潛力,依法通過股份制、合(he)(he)作制、股份合(he)(he)作制、租賃(lin)等(deng)(deng)形式(shi),積(ji)極(ji)參與(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)業融合(he)(he)發(fa)展。積(ji)極(ji)培(pei)育社(she)會化服(fu)務組(zu)織,加強農(nong)技指導、信用(yong)評價、保險推廣、市(shi)場預(yu)測、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)營(ying)銷(xiao)等(deng)(deng)服(fu)務,為農(nong)民參與(yu)(yu)產(chan)(chan)業融合(he)(he)創造良好條(tiao)件。
第二節 創(chuang)新收益分享模式
加(jia)快推廣(guang)“訂單收購+分紅”、“土(tu)地流轉(zhuan)+優(you)先雇(gu)用(yong)+社會(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)障”、“農(nong)民入股+保(bao)(bao)底收益+按股分紅”等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)利益聯結方(fang)式,讓農(nong)戶分享加(jia)工(gong)、銷(xiao)售環節收益。鼓勵行業(ye)協會(hui)(hui)或龍頭(tou)企業(ye)與合作(zuo)社、家庭農(nong)場、普通農(nong)戶等(deng)(deng)組(zu)織(zhi)共同(tong)營銷(xiao),開(kai)展農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)銷(xiao)售推介和(he)品(pin)牌運作(zuo),讓農(nong)戶更多(duo)分享產(chan)業(ye)鏈增(zeng)值收益。鼓勵農(nong)業(ye)產(chan)業(ye)化龍頭(tou)企業(ye)通過設(she)立風險資金、為農(nong)戶提供(gong)信貸(dai)擔保(bao)(bao)、領辦或參辦農(nong)民合作(zuo)組(zu)織(zhi)等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)形式,與農(nong)民建立穩定的(de)訂單和(he)契(qi)約(yue)關系。完善涉(she)農(nong)股份合作(zuo)制企業(ye)利潤分配機(ji)制,明確資本(ben)參與利潤分配比例(li)上(shang)限。
第三節 強化政策扶(fu)持(chi)引導
更好(hao)發(fa)揮政(zheng)府扶(fu)持(chi)資金(jin)作用,強化龍頭企業(ye)、合作組織聯(lian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)帶(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)激勵機制(zhi),探(tan)索(suo)將新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)帶(dai)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶數量(liang)和(he)成(cheng)效作為安排財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)支持(chi)資金(jin)的(de)(de)重要參考依據(ju)。以土地、林權為基礎的(de)(de)各種(zhong)形(xing)式合作,凡是(shi)享受財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)投(tou)入或政(zheng)策(ce)支持(chi)的(de)(de)承(cheng)包經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者均(jun)應成(cheng)為股東方。鼓勵將符合條件(jian)的(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)資金(jin)特(te)別是(shi)扶(fu)貧資金(jin)量(liang)化到農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村集(ji)體(ti)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)組織和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶后,以自愿入股方式投(tou)入新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體(ti),對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶土地經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)權入股部分(fen)采取特(te)殊保護,探(tan)索(suo)實行農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民負(fu)盈(ying)不(bu)負(fu)虧的(de)(de)分(fen)配機制(zhi)。
第十八章 激發農村創新創業活力
堅持市場化方向,優化農村(cun)創新創業環境,放開搞活(huo)農村(cun)經濟,合(he)理引導(dao)工(gong)商資本下鄉,推動鄉村(cun)大(da)眾(zhong)創業萬眾(zhong)創新,培育新動能。
第一節 培(pei)育壯大創新創業群體
推(tui)進產學研合作,加(jia)強(qiang)科(ke)研機構、高校、企業、返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員等(deng)主體協(xie)同,推(tui)動農村創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業群體更加(jia)多元。培育以企業為主導的(de)農業產業技(ji)術(shu)(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)戰略聯盟,加(jia)速資(zi)金(jin)、技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和服務擴散,帶動和支持返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)業人員依托相關產業鏈創(chuang)(chuang)業發展。整合政府(fu)、企業、社會等(deng)多方資(zi)源(yuan),推(tui)動政策、技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、資(zi)本等(deng)各類要素(su)向農村創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業集聚。鼓勵農民就地創(chuang)(chuang)業、返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)業,加(jia)大各方資(zi)源(yuan)支持本地農民興業創(chuang)(chuang)業力度(du)。深入推(tui)行(xing)科(ke)技(ji)特派(pai)員制度(du),引導科(ke)技(ji)、信息(xi)、資(zi)金(jin)、管理等(deng)現代生產要素(su)向鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村集聚。
第二節 完(wan)善創(chuang)(chuang)新創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)服務體系(xi)
發展(zhan)(zhan)多種形式的(de)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)支撐服(fu)務(wu)平(ping)臺(tai),健全服(fu)務(wu)功能(neng),開展(zhan)(zhan)政策、資(zi)金、法律、知識產權、財務(wu)、商標等(deng)專業(ye)(ye)化服(fu)務(wu)。建(jian)立農村創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)園區(基(ji)(ji)地(di)),鼓(gu)勵(li)農業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)建(jian)立創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)訓基(ji)(ji)地(di)。鼓(gu)勵(li)有條件的(de)縣級(ji)政府設立“綠色通道”,為返(fan)鄉(xiang)下鄉(xiang)人員(yuan)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)提供便利服(fu)務(wu)。建(jian)設一批(pi)眾創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)空間、“星創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)天地(di)”,降低創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)門檻。依(yi)托基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)就業(ye)(ye)和(he)社會保障服(fu)務(wu)平(ping)臺(tai),做(zuo)好返(fan)鄉(xiang)人員(yuan)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)服(fu)務(wu)、社保關系轉移接續等(deng)工作(zuo)。
第三節 建立(li)創新創業激勵機制
加(jia)快將(jiang)現有支持(chi)“雙創”相關(guan)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)策措施向(xiang)返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員(yuan)創新創業拓(tuo)展,把返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員(yuan)開展農(nong)業適度規模經營所需貸款按規定納入(ru)全國農(nong)業信貸擔保體(ti)系支持(chi)范圍。適當(dang)放寬返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創業園(yuan)用(yong)電用(yong)水用(yong)地(di)標準,吸引更多返(fan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員(yuan)入(ru)園(yuan)創業。各地(di)年度新增建設用(yong)地(di)計劃指標,要(yao)確定一定比(bi)例用(yong)于支持(chi)農(nong)村新產業新業態發展。落實好減稅降費政(zheng)(zheng)策,支持(chi)農(nong)村創新創業。
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第(di)六篇 建(jian)設生(sheng)態(tai)宜居的美麗鄉村
牢固樹立和踐行綠水青山就(jiu)是金(jin)山銀山的(de)理念,堅(jian)持尊重自(zi)(zi)然、順應自(zi)(zi)然、保護自(zi)(zi)然,統籌山水林田湖草系統治理,加快轉(zhuan)變生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式,推動鄉村生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)振興,建(jian)設生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)環境整潔優美(mei)(mei)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系統穩定健康、人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)(zi)然和諧共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)宜居美(mei)(mei)麗鄉村。
第十九章(zhang) 推進農業(ye)綠(lv)色發展(zhan)
以生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境友好和資(zi)源永續利用為(wei)導向,推動形(xing)成農業(ye)綠色生(sheng)(sheng)產方式,實(shi)現投入品減量(liang)化、生(sheng)(sheng)產清(qing)潔化、廢棄物資(zi)源化、產業(ye)模式生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)化,提高(gao)農業(ye)可持續發(fa)展能(neng)力。
第一(yi)節 強(qiang)化資源保護與(yu)節約利用
實施國(guo)家農(nong)業(ye)(ye)節水(shui)(shui)行動,建(jian)設(she)(she)節水(shui)(shui)型鄉(xiang)村。深入推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)灌溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)總量控(kong)制和(he)定(ding)額管(guan)理(li),建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)節水(shui)(shui)長效機制和(he)政策體系。逐(zhu)步明晰農(nong)業(ye)(ye)水(shui)(shui)權,推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)水(shui)(shui)價綜合改革,建(jian)立精(jing)準補貼和(he)節水(shui)(shui)獎勵機制。嚴格控(kong)制未利用(yong)(yong)地開墾(ken),落實和(he)完善耕地占補平衡(heng)制度(du)(du)。實施農(nong)用(yong)(yong)地分類管(guan)理(li),切實加大優先保(bao)護(hu)類耕地保(bao)護(hu)力度(du)(du)。降低(di)耕地開發利用(yong)(yong)強度(du)(du),擴大輪(lun)作(zuo)休耕制度(du)(du)試(shi)點(dian),制定(ding)輪(lun)作(zuo)休耕規劃。全(quan)(quan)面普查(cha)動植物種質資源(yuan),推進(jin)(jin)種質資源(yuan)收(shou)集保(bao)存(cun)、鑒定(ding)和(he)利用(yong)(yong)。強化漁業(ye)(ye)資源(yuan)管(guan)控(kong)與(yu)養護(hu),實施海洋漁業(ye)(ye)資源(yuan)總量管(guan)理(li)、海洋漁船“雙控(kong)”和(he)休禁漁制度(du)(du),科學劃定(ding)江河湖(hu)海限(xian)捕(bu)(bu)、禁捕(bu)(bu)區域,建(jian)設(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)生(sheng)物保(bao)護(hu)區、海洋牧(mu)場(chang)。
第二節 推進農業清潔(jie)生產
加強農業投(tou)入品規范化(hua)(hua)管理,健(jian)全投(tou)入品追溯系統,推進(jin)(jin)化(hua)(hua)肥農藥減量施用(yong)(yong),完(wan)善農藥風險評估(gu)技術標準體系,嚴格飼料質量安全管理。加快推進(jin)(jin)種養(yang)循環(huan)一體化(hua)(hua),建(jian)立農村有機廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)收集、轉化(hua)(hua)、利(li)用(yong)(yong)網絡體系,推進(jin)(jin)農林產品加工剩余物(wu)資(zi)源化(hua)(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong),深入實施秸稈禁燒(shao)制度(du)和綜合利(li)用(yong)(yong),開展整(zheng)縣推進(jin)(jin)畜禽(qin)糞污(wu)資(zi)源化(hua)(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)試點。推進(jin)(jin)廢(fei)(fei)舊(jiu)地膜(mo)和包裝(zhuang)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)等回收處理。推行(xing)水產健(jian)康養(yang)殖,加大近(jin)(jin)海灘涂養(yang)殖環(huan)境(jing)治理力度(du),嚴格控制河流湖(hu)庫、近(jin)(jin)岸海域投(tou)餌網箱養(yang)殖。探索農林牧漁融合循環(huan)發展模式,修復(fu)和完(wan)善生態(tai)廊(lang)道(dao),恢復(fu)田(tian)間生物(wu)群落和生態(tai)鏈,建(jian)設(she)健(jian)康穩定田(tian)園生態(tai)系統。
第三節 集中治理農業環境突(tu)出問(wen)題
深入實(shi)施土壤污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)計劃,開展土壤污(wu)染(ran)狀況(kuang)詳查(cha),積極推(tui)進重(zhong)金屬污(wu)染(ran)耕地(di)等受污(wu)染(ran)耕地(di)分類管理(li)和(he)安全利用(yong),有序推(tui)進治(zhi)理(li)與(yu)修復。加強重(zhong)有色金屬礦區(qu)(qu)污(wu)染(ran)綜合整治(zhi)。加強農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)面源污(wu)染(ran)綜合防治(zhi)。加大(da)地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)超(chao)采治(zhi)理(li),控制地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)漏斗區(qu)(qu)、地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)過度(du)利用(yong)區(qu)(qu)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)總量。嚴(yan)格工業(ye)和(he)城鎮污(wu)染(ran)處(chu)理(li)、達標排放,建立監測體系(xi),強化經(jing)常性執法(fa)監管制度(du)建設,推(tui)動(dong)環境監測、執法(fa)向農(nong)(nong)(nong)村延伸,嚴(yan)禁未經(jing)達標處(chu)理(li)的城鎮污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)其他污(wu)染(ran)物進入農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村。
第(di)二十章(zhang) 持(chi)續(xu)改善農村人居環境(jing)
以建設美麗(li)宜(yi)居村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊為(wei)導向,以農村(cun)(cun)(cun)垃圾(ji)、污水治理和村(cun)(cun)(cun)容(rong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)貌(mao)提升為(wei)主(zhu)攻(gong)方向,開(kai)展農村(cun)(cun)(cun)人(ren)居環境(jing)整治行動(dong),全面提升農村(cun)(cun)(cun)人(ren)居環境(jing)質量。
第(di)一節 加快補齊突(tu)出(chu)短板
推(tui)(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生活垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)治理,建(jian)立健全符(fu)合農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)實際、方(fang)式多樣的(de)生活垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)收運處置(zhi)體系(xi),有(you)條(tiao)件的(de)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)推(tui)(tui)行垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)就(jiu)地(di)(di)(di)分(fen)類和(he)資源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用。開展非正規垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)堆放(fang)點(dian)排查整治。實施“廁(ce)(ce)所革命(ming)”,結合各地(di)(di)(di)實際普及不同類型(xing)的(de)衛生廁(ce)(ce)所,推(tui)(tui)進廁(ce)(ce)所糞污(wu)無(wu)害化(hua)處理和(he)資源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用。梯次推(tui)(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生活污(wu)水(shui)治理,有(you)條(tiao)件的(de)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)推(tui)(tui)動城鎮(zhen)污(wu)水(shui)管網向周邊村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)延伸覆蓋。逐(zhu)步(bu)消(xiao)除(chu)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)黑臭水(shui)體,加強農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)飲用水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)。
第(di)二節 著力提升(sheng)村容村貌
科學規劃村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)建(jian)筑布局,大力提升農房(fang)設(she)計水(shui)平,突出(chu)鄉土特(te)色(se)和地域(yu)民(min)族特(te)點。加(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)(jin)通村(cun)(cun)(cun)組道(dao)路(lu)、入(ru)戶(hu)道(dao)路(lu)建(jian)設(she),基本解決村(cun)(cun)(cun)內道(dao)路(lu)泥濘、村(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)出(chu)行(xing)不便等問題。全面推進(jin)(jin)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)綠化,建(jian)設(she)具(ju)有鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)特(te)色(se)的(de)綠化景觀。完(wan)善村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)公共照明設(she)施。整(zheng)治公共空間和庭(ting)院環(huan)境,消除私搭亂(luan)(luan)建(jian)、亂(luan)(luan)堆亂(luan)(luan)放。繼(ji)續推進(jin)(jin)城鄉環(huan)境衛(wei)生整(zheng)潔行(xing)動,加(jia)大衛(wei)生鄉鎮(zhen)創(chuang)建(jian)工(gong)作力度(du)。鼓勵具(ju)備條件的(de)地區集中連(lian)片(pian)建(jian)設(she)生態宜居的(de)美(mei)麗鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun),綜(zong)合提升田水(shui)路(lu)林(lin)村(cun)(cun)(cun)風貌(mao),促進(jin)(jin)村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)形態與(yu)自(zi)然環(huan)境相得益彰。
第三節 建立健(jian)全整治(zhi)長效機制(zhi)
全(quan)面完(wan)(wan)成縣域(yu)鄉村(cun)(cun)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)劃編制(zhi)(zhi)或修編,推進實(shi)用性村(cun)(cun)莊規(gui)劃編制(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)施,加(jia)強鄉村(cun)(cun)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)劃許可管理。建(jian)立農(nong)村(cun)(cun)人居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)建(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)管護長效(xiao)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),發揮村(cun)(cun)民(min)主體(ti)作用,鼓勵專業(ye)化(hua)、市場化(hua)建(jian)設(she)和(he)(he)運行管護。推行環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治理依效(xiao)付(fu)費(fei)制(zhi)(zhi)度,健全(quan)服(fu)務(wu)績效(xiao)評價考核機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。探索建(jian)立垃(la)圾污水處理農(nong)戶付(fu)費(fei)制(zhi)(zhi)度,完(wan)(wan)善財政補貼和(he)(he)農(nong)戶付(fu)費(fei)合理分擔機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。依法簡化(hua)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)人居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)整治建(jian)設(she)項目審(shen)批程序和(he)(he)招投標(biao)(biao)程序。完(wan)(wan)善農(nong)村(cun)(cun)人居環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)標(biao)(biao)準體(ti)系。
第(di)二十一(yi)章 加強(qiang)鄉村(cun)生態保護與修復
大(da)力實施鄉(xiang)村生態(tai)保(bao)護與修復重(zhong)大(da)工程,完善(shan)重(zhong)要生態(tai)系統保(bao)護制度,促進(jin)鄉(xiang)村生產生活(huo)環境穩步改善(shan),自然生態(tai)系統功能和穩定性全(quan)面提升(sheng),生態(tai)產品供給能力進(jin)一(yi)步增強(qiang)。
第一節 實施重要(yao)生態系統(tong)保護和修復重大工程
統籌山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)田湖(hu)草(cao)(cao)系統治理(li),優化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態安全屏障體系。大(da)(da)力實(shi)施(shi)大(da)(da)規模國土(tu)綠化(hua)(hua)行(xing)動,全面建(jian)設(she)三(san)北(bei)、長江等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點防(fang)(fang)護林(lin)體系,擴(kuo)大(da)(da)退(tui)耕還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)林(lin)還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)草(cao)(cao),鞏固退(tui)耕還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)林(lin)還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)草(cao)(cao)成果(guo),推(tui)動森林(lin)質(zhi)量精準提升,加強有(you)害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治。穩定擴(kuo)大(da)(da)退(tui)牧還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)草(cao)(cao)實(shi)施(shi)范圍,繼續推(tui)進(jin)草(cao)(cao)原防(fang)(fang)災減災、鼠蟲草(cao)(cao)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)治、嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)退(tui)化(hua)(hua)沙化(hua)(hua)草(cao)(cao)原治理(li)等(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)。保(bao)護和(he)(he)恢復(fu)(fu)鄉村河湖(hu)、濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統,積極(ji)開(kai)展(zhan)農(nong)村水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態修(xiu)復(fu)(fu),連通河湖(hu)水(shui)系,恢復(fu)(fu)河塘行(xing)蓄能力,推(tui)進(jin)退(tui)田還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)湖(hu)還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)濕、退(tui)圩退(tui)垸還(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)湖(hu)。大(da)(da)力推(tui)進(jin)荒漠(mo)化(hua)(hua)、石漠(mo)化(hua)(hua)、水(shui)土(tu)流失綜合(he)治理(li),實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態清潔小流域(yu)建(jian)設(she),推(tui)進(jin)綠色小水(shui)電改造。加快(kuai)國土(tu)綜合(he)整(zheng)治,實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)村土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)綜合(he)整(zheng)治重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)行(xing)動,推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)用地(di)(di)(di)和(he)(he)低效(xiao)建(jian)設(she)用地(di)(di)(di)整(zheng)理(li)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)歷史遺留損毀土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)復(fu)(fu)墾。加強礦產資源開(kai)發集中(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)區特別是重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)色金屬(shu)礦區地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)環境和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態修(xiu)復(fu)(fu),以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)損毀山(shan)體、礦山(shan)廢棄地(di)(di)(di)修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)。加快(kuai)近岸(an)海(hai)域(yu)綜合(he)治理(li),實(shi)施(shi)藍(lan)色海(hai)灣整(zheng)治行(xing)動和(he)(he)自(zi)然岸(an)線修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)。實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多(duo)樣(yang)性(xing)保(bao)護重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)工(gong)程(cheng),提升各(ge)類重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)保(bao)護地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護管理(li)能力。加強野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動植物保(bao)護,強化(hua)(hua)外來入侵(qin)物種(zhong)風險評估、監測預警與(yu)綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)控。開(kai)展(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)工(gong)程(cheng)氣象保(bao)障服務,探索實(shi)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態修(xiu)復(fu)(fu)型人工(gong)增雨工(gong)程(cheng)。
第二節(jie) 健全(quan)重要生態(tai)系統保護制(zhi)度
完善天(tian)然林(lin)和公(gong)益林(lin)保(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)度(du),進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步細化各類森林(lin)和林(lin)地(di)的(de)管(guan)控措(cuo)施或經(jing)營制(zhi)度(du)。完善草原生態(tai)監管(guan)和定期調查制(zhi)度(du),嚴(yan)格(ge)實(shi)施草原禁(jin)牧和草畜平衡制(zhi)度(du),全(quan)面落實(shi)草原經(jing)營者生態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)主體責任。完善荒漠(mo)生態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)度(du),加強(qiang)沙(sha)區(qu)天(tian)然植被和綠洲保(bao)護(hu)。全(quan)面推(tui)行河(he)(he)長制(zhi)湖長制(zhi),鼓(gu)勵將河(he)(he)長湖長體系延伸至村(cun)一(yi)(yi)級。推(tui)進(jin)河(he)(he)湖飲用(yong)水水源保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)劃定和立界工作,加強(qiang)對(dui)水源涵養區(qu)、蓄洪滯澇(lao)區(qu)、濱(bin)河(he)(he)濱(bin)湖帶的(de)保(bao)護(hu)。嚴(yan)格(ge)落實(shi)自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)、風景名(ming)勝區(qu)、地(di)質遺跡等各類保(bao)護(hu)地(di)保(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)度(du),支持有條件的(de)地(di)方(fang)結合(he)國家公(gong)園(yuan)體制(zhi)試(shi)點(dian)(dian),探(tan)索(suo)對(dui)居住在核心區(qu)域的(de)農牧民實(shi)施生態(tai)搬遷試(shi)點(dian)(dian)。
第三節 健全(quan)生態保護補償(chang)機制
加(jia)大重點(dian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)轉移支付力度(du),建(jian)(jian)(jian)立省以下(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)資金投入機制(zhi)。完善重點(dian)領域生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)機制(zhi),鼓(gu)勵地方(fang)因地制(zhi)宜探(tan)索(suo)通過贖買、租賃、置換、協議(yi)、混合所(suo)有制(zhi)等(deng)方(fang)式加(jia)強重點(dian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)位森(sen)林保(bao)護(hu),落(luo)實草原(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補(bu)(bu)助獎(jiang)勵政策,建(jian)(jian)(jian)立長(chang)江流(liu)域重點(dian)水域禁(jin)捕補(bu)(bu)償(chang)制(zhi)度(du),鼓(gu)勵各(ge)地建(jian)(jian)(jian)立流(liu)域上下(xia)游(you)等(deng)橫向補(bu)(bu)償(chang)機制(zhi)。推(tui)動市場化(hua)多元化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)補(bu)(bu)償(chang),建(jian)(jian)(jian)立健全用水權(quan)、排污權(quan)、碳排放權(quan)交易制(zhi)度(du),形成(cheng)森(sen)林、草原(yuan)(yuan)、濕地等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)修復(fu)工程(cheng)參(can)與碳匯交易的有效途(tu)徑,探(tan)索(suo)實物補(bu)(bu)償(chang)、服務補(bu)(bu)償(chang)、設施補(bu)(bu)償(chang)、對口支援、干部支持、共建(jian)(jian)(jian)園區(qu)(qu)(qu)、飛地經濟等(deng)方(fang)式,提高補(bu)(bu)償(chang)的針對性。
第四節 發揮自然資源(yuan)多重效益
大力發展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)旅游(you)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)種養等(deng)產(chan)業(ye),打造鄉村生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)產(chan)業(ye)鏈。進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步盤(pan)活(huo)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)、草(cao)原、濕地(di)等(deng)自然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan),允(yun)(yun)許集體(ti)(ti)經(jing)濟組織靈活(huo)利用(yong)現有(you)生(sheng)產(chan)服務(wu)(wu)設施(shi)(shi)用(yong)地(di)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)相(xiang)關經(jing)營(ying)(ying)活(huo)動。鼓(gu)勵(li)各類(lei)社會主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)參(can)與(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護修復(fu),對集中連片開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)修復(fu)達(da)到一(yi)定規(gui)模(mo)的(de)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),允(yun)(yun)許在符合(he)土地(di)管(guan)理(li)(li)法律法規(gui)和(he)土地(di)利用(yong)總(zong)體(ti)(ti)規(gui)劃、依法辦(ban)理(li)(li)建設用(yong)地(di)審批手續、堅持節約集約用(yong)地(di)的(de)前提下,利用(yong)1-3%治理(li)(li)面(mian)積(ji)從事旅游(you)、康養、體(ti)(ti)育、設施(shi)(shi)農業(ye)等(deng)產(chan)業(ye)開(kai)(kai)發。深(shen)化(hua)集體(ti)(ti)林(lin)(lin)權(quan)制度改革,全(quan)面(mian)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)方(fang)案編制工(gong)作(zuo),擴大商(shang)品林(lin)(lin)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)自主(zhu)權(quan),鼓(gu)勵(li)多(duo)種形式的(de)適度規(gui)模(mo)經(jing)營(ying)(ying),支持開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)林(lin)(lin)權(quan)收儲(chu)擔(dan)保(bao)服務(wu)(wu)。完善生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)資(zi)源(yuan)管(guan)護機制,設立生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)護員工(gong)作(zuo)崗(gang)位,鼓(gu)勵(li)當地(di)群眾參(can)與(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)管(guan)護和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)服務(wu)(wu)。進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步健全(quan)自然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)有(you)償(chang)使用(yong)制度,研(yan)究(jiu)探索生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)資(zi)源(yuan)價值(zhi)評估方(fang)法并開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)試點。
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第(di)七篇 繁榮發展(zhan)鄉村(cun)文化
堅持以(yi)社(she)會(hui)主義核心價值觀為(wei)(wei)引領,以(yi)傳承發展中華優秀(xiu)傳統文(wen)(wen)化為(wei)(wei)核心,以(yi)鄉村(cun)公共(gong)文(wen)(wen)化服務體系建(jian)設(she)為(wei)(wei)載(zai)體,培育文(wen)(wen)明(ming)鄉風(feng)(feng)、良好家風(feng)(feng)、淳樸民(min)風(feng)(feng),推動鄉村(cun)文(wen)(wen)化振興,建(jian)設(she)鄰里守望、誠信(xin)重禮、勤(qin)儉節約的文(wen)(wen)明(ming)鄉村(cun)。
第二十二章(zhang) 加強農村思想道德建設
持(chi)續(xu)推進農村精(jing)神文(wen)(wen)明建設,提升(sheng)農民(min)精(jing)神風(feng)貌,倡導科學(xue)文(wen)(wen)明生活,不斷(duan)提高(gao)鄉村社會文(wen)(wen)明程(cheng)度。
第一節(jie) 踐行(xing)社會主義核(he)心價(jia)值觀
堅持教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)引導(dao)、實踐養成、制度保障三管(guan)齊下,采取(qu)符(fu)合農(nong)村特點的方式方法(fa)(fa)和(he)載(zai)體,深化中國(guo)特色社會(hui)(hui)主義和(he)中國(guo)夢(meng)宣傳教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),大(da)力弘揚民(min)族(zu)精神和(he)時代(dai)精神。加強愛國(guo)主義、集(ji)體主義、社會(hui)(hui)主義教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),深化民(min)族(zu)團結進步教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。注重(zhong)典型(xing)示(shi)范(fan),深入(ru)(ru)實施時代(dai)新人培育(yu)(yu)(yu)工程,推出(chu)一批新時代(dai)農(nong)民(min)的先進模范(fan)人物。把社會(hui)(hui)主義核心價(jia)值(zhi)觀融入(ru)(ru)法(fa)(fa)治建設(she),推動公正(zheng)文明執法(fa)(fa)司法(fa)(fa),彰(zhang)顯社會(hui)(hui)主流價(jia)值(zhi)。強化公共政策價(jia)值(zhi)導(dao)向,探索建立重(zhong)大(da)公共政策道德風險評估和(he)糾偏機制。
第二節 鞏固農村思想文(wen)化陣地
推動(dong)(dong)基(ji)(ji)層黨組織、基(ji)(ji)層單位、農(nong)村社(she)(she)區有針對(dui)(dui)性地加強農(nong)村群眾(zhong)性思想政治工作(zuo)(zuo)。加強對(dui)(dui)農(nong)村社(she)(she)會(hui)熱點難點問(wen)題的(de)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)解讀,合理(li)引(yin)導(dao)社(she)(she)會(hui)預期。健全(quan)人文關懷和(he)心(xin)理(li)疏(shu)導(dao)機(ji)制,培育自尊自信、理(li)性平和(he)、積極向上的(de)農(nong)村社(she)(she)會(hui)心(xin)態。深(shen)化文明(ming)村鎮(zhen)創(chuang)建活動(dong)(dong),進一步提高縣級及以上文明(ming)村和(he)文明(ming)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)的(de)占(zhan)比。廣(guang)泛開(kai)展星(xing)級文明(ming)戶、文明(ming)家庭等群眾(zhong)性精神文明(ming)創(chuang)建活動(dong)(dong)。深(shen)入開(kai)展“掃黃打非”進基(ji)(ji)層。重視發揮社(she)(she)區教(jiao)(jiao)育作(zuo)(zuo)用,做好家庭教(jiao)(jiao)育,傳承良好家風家訓。完善文化科技(ji)衛生(sheng)“三(san)下鄉(xiang)”長效機(ji)制。
第三節 倡導誠信道(dao)德規范
深入(ru)實施公民(min)道(dao)(dao)德(de)建設(she)工程,推進社(she)會公德(de)、職(zhi)業道(dao)(dao)德(de)、家庭(ting)美德(de)、個人(ren)品德(de)建設(she)。推進誠(cheng)信建設(she),強化農(nong)民(min)的社(she)會責(ze)任意(yi)識(shi)(shi)、規則意(yi)識(shi)(shi)、集體(ti)意(yi)識(shi)(shi)和主人(ren)翁意(yi)識(shi)(shi)。建立(li)健(jian)全農(nong)村(cun)信用體(ti)系,完善守信激(ji)勵(li)和失(shi)信懲戒(jie)機制。弘揚勞動(dong)最(zui)(zui)光榮、勞動(dong)者(zhe)最(zui)(zui)偉大(da)的觀念。弘揚中華孝道(dao)(dao),強化孝敬(jing)父母、尊敬(jing)長(chang)(chang)輩的社(she)會風尚。廣泛開展好(hao)媳婦(fu)、好(hao)兒女(nv)、好(hao)公婆等(deng)(deng)評選表彰活(huo)動(dong),開展尋找最(zui)(zui)美鄉村(cun)教師(shi)、醫生(sheng)、村(cun)官、人(ren)民(min)調解員(yuan)等(deng)(deng)活(huo)動(dong)。深入(ru)宣(xuan)傳道(dao)(dao)德(de)模(mo)范、身邊好(hao)人(ren)的典型事跡,建立(li)健(jian)全先(xian)進模(mo)范發揮作(zuo)用的長(chang)(chang)效(xiao)機制。
第二十(shi)三章(zhang) 弘揚中華(hua)優秀傳統文化
立足鄉(xiang)村(cun)文(wen)(wen)明(ming),吸(xi)取(qu)城市(shi)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)及外來文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)優秀成果(guo),在(zai)保護傳承(cheng)的基(ji)礎上,創造(zao)性(xing)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)、創新性(xing)發展,不斷賦(fu)予時代內涵、豐(feng)富表現形式,為增強文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)自信提供(gong)優質載體(ti)。
第一節(jie) 保護利用鄉村傳統文(wen)化(hua)
實施(shi)農耕(geng)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),深入(ru)挖掘農耕(geng)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)中蘊含(han)的(de)優秀思想觀念、人(ren)文(wen)精神、道德規范,充分發(fa)揮其在凝聚人(ren)心、教(jiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)群(qun)眾、淳(chun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)民風中的(de)重要作(zuo)用。劃定鄉村建(jian)(jian)設的(de)歷史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)線,保(bao)護(hu)(hu)好文(wen)物(wu)(wu)古跡、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統村落、民族村寨、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統建(jian)(jian)筑、農業遺(yi)(yi)跡、灌溉(gai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)產。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統建(jian)(jian)筑文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),使歷史記憶、地域特色、民族特點融入(ru)鄉村建(jian)(jian)設與(yu)維護(hu)(hu)。支持農村地區優秀戲曲曲藝(yi)、少數民族文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、民間文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)發(fa)展(zhan)。完善非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產保(bao)護(hu)(hu)制度,實施(shi)非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)發(fa)展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。實施(shi)鄉村經濟社會變遷物(wu)(wu)證征藏工(gong)(gong)程(cheng),鼓勵鄉村史志修編。
第(di)二節 重塑鄉(xiang)村文化(hua)生態(tai)
緊(jin)密結合特色小鎮(zhen)、美(mei)麗鄉村(cun)建(jian)設(she),深(shen)入挖掘鄉村(cun)特色文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)符號,盤活地方和民(min)族特色文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)資(zi)源(yuan),走特色化(hua)(hua)(hua)、差異化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展之(zhi)路(lu)。以(yi)形神兼備為(wei)導向,保護鄉村(cun)原有建(jian)筑風貌(mao)和村(cun)落(luo)格(ge)局,把(ba)民(min)族民(min)間文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)元素融入鄉村(cun)建(jian)設(she),深(shen)挖歷史(shi)古韻,弘揚人文(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)美(mei),重塑詩意閑適的(de)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)環境和田綠草(cao)青的(de)居住環境,重現原生田園風光和原本鄉情鄉愁。引(yin)導企業(ye)家(jia)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工作者、退休人員、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)志愿(yuan)者等投身鄉村(cun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she),豐富農村(cun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)業(ye)態(tai)。
第三節 發展鄉(xiang)村(cun)特(te)色文化產業
加強規劃引導、典型示范,挖(wa)掘培養鄉(xiang)土文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)本土人才(cai),建設一批(pi)特色(se)鮮明、優勢突出的農耕文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)展示區,打造一批(pi)特色(se)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)鄉(xiang)鎮、文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)特色(se)村(cun)和(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)群。大(da)力推動農村(cun)地(di)區實施(shi)傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)藝(yi)振興計劃,培育形(xing)成具有(you)民族和(he)(he)地(di)域特色(se)的傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)藝(yi)產品,促進(jin)傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)藝(yi)提高(gao)品質(zhi)、形(xing)成品牌、帶動就業(ye)。積(ji)極開發(fa)傳(chuan)統(tong)節日(ri)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)用(yong)品和(he)(he)武術、戲曲(qu)、舞龍、舞獅、鑼(luo)鼓等民間藝(yi)術、民俗表演項目,促進(jin)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)資源與現代消費需求有(you)效對接。推動文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、旅游與其他產業(ye)深(shen)度融合、創新發(fa)展。
第(di)二十四章 豐富鄉村(cun)文(wen)化生活
推(tui)動城鄉公共文(wen)化(hua)(hua)服務(wu)體(ti)系(xi)融合發展,增加優秀鄉村文(wen)化(hua)(hua)產品(pin)和(he)服務(wu)供給,活躍繁榮農(nong)村文(wen)化(hua)(hua)市場(chang),為廣大農(nong)民提供高質量的精神營養。
第一節 健全公共(gong)文化服務體系
按照有標準(zhun)、有網絡、有內(nei)容(rong)、有人才的(de)要求(qiu),健(jian)全(quan)鄉村公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)文化(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)體系。推(tui)動(dong)縣(xian)級圖書館(guan)(guan)、文化(hua)(hua)館(guan)(guan)總分館(guan)(guan)制,發揮縣(xian)級公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)文化(hua)(hua)機構輻(fu)射作用,加強基(ji)層(ceng)綜合性文化(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)心建設,實(shi)現鄉村兩級公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)文化(hua)(hua)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)全(quan)覆(fu)(fu)蓋,提(ti)升服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)效能。完善農村新聞(wen)出(chu)版(ban)廣播電視公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)覆(fu)(fu)蓋體系,推(tui)進數字廣播電視戶戶通,探(tan)索農村電影(ying)放映(ying)的(de)新方法新模式,推(tui)進農家書屋(wu)延伸服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)和提(ti)質增效。繼(ji)續實(shi)施(shi)(shi)公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)數字文化(hua)(hua)工(gong)程,積極發揮新媒體作用,使農民群(qun)眾能便捷獲取優(you)質數字文化(hua)(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)。完善鄉村公(gong)共(gong)(gong)(gong)體育服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)體系,推(tui)動(dong)村健(jian)身設施(shi)(shi)全(quan)覆(fu)(fu)蓋。
第二節 增加公(gong)共文(wen)化產(chan)品和服(fu)務供給
深(shen)入推(tui)進(jin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)惠民(min),為農(nong)(nong)村(cun)地區提供更多更好的(de)公(gong)共(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)產品(pin)和(he)服務。建(jian)立(li)農(nong)(nong)民(min)群眾文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)需求反(fan)饋機(ji)制,推(tui)動(dong)政府向社會購(gou)買公(gong)共(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)服務,開(kai)展(zhan)“菜(cai)單式”、“訂單式”服務。加強(qiang)公(gong)共(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)服務品(pin)牌建(jian)設(she),推(tui)動(dong)形成具有鮮(xian)明特(te)色(se)和(he)社會影響力的(de)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)公(gong)共(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)服務項目。開(kai)展(zhan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)結對幫扶。支持“三(san)農(nong)(nong)”題材文(wen)(wen)(wen)藝創作生(sheng)產,鼓(gu)勵文(wen)(wen)(wen)藝工作者推(tui)出(chu)反(fan)映農(nong)(nong)民(min)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活尤其(qi)是鄉村(cun)振興實踐的(de)優(you)秀文(wen)(wen)(wen)藝作品(pin)。鼓(gu)勵各級文(wen)(wen)(wen)藝組(zu)織深(shen)入農(nong)(nong)村(cun)地區開(kai)展(zhan)惠民(min)演出(chu)活動(dong)。加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)科(ke)普工作,推(tui)動(dong)全(quan)民(min)閱(yue)讀進(jin)家庭、進(jin)農(nong)(nong)村(cun),提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)民(min)科(ke)學文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)素養。
第三節 廣泛開展群眾(zhong)文化(hua)活動
完善群(qun)眾(zhong)文(wen)(wen)藝扶持機制,鼓勵農村(cun)(cun)(cun)地區自辦文(wen)(wen)化(hua)。培育挖掘鄉土(tu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)本(ben)土(tu)人(ren)才,支(zhi)持鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)能人(ren)。加強基層文(wen)(wen)化(hua)隊(dui)伍培訓(xun),培養一支(zhi)懂文(wen)(wen)藝愛(ai)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)愛(ai)農民(min)、專兼職相結合的農村(cun)(cun)(cun)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)工作隊(dui)伍。傳(chuan)承和發展民(min)族(zu)民(min)間傳(chuan)統體育,廣泛開(kai)展形式多樣的農民(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)性體育活(huo)動。鼓勵開(kai)展群(qun)眾(zhong)性節日民(min)俗活(huo)動,支(zhi)持文(wen)(wen)化(hua)志愿(yuan)者深入農村(cun)(cun)(cun)開(kai)展豐富(fu)多彩的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)志愿(yuan)服(fu)務(wu)活(huo)動。活(huo)躍繁榮農村(cun)(cun)(cun)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)市(shi)場(chang)(chang),推動農村(cun)(cun)(cun)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)轉型升級,加強農村(cun)(cun)(cun)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)監管。
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第八篇 健全現代鄉村治理體系
把夯(hang)實(shi)基層基礎作(zuo)為固本(ben)之(zhi)策,建立健全黨委領導(dao)、政府(fu)負(fu)責、社會(hui)(hui)協同、公眾(zhong)參(can)與、法治保障的(de)現代鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)社會(hui)(hui)治理體(ti)制,推動(dong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)組織振興,打造充滿活力、和諧有序的(de)善治鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)。
第(di)二十五章(zhang) 加強農(nong)村(cun)基(ji)層黨組(zu)織對鄉村(cun)振興(xing)的全面領導(dao)
以農村基(ji)層黨(dang)組(zu)(zu)織建設為主線(xian),突出政治功(gong)能,提升組(zu)(zu)織力(li),把(ba)農村基(ji)層黨(dang)組(zu)(zu)織建成(cheng)宣(xuan)傳黨(dang)的主張(zhang)、貫徹黨(dang)的決定(ding)、領導基(ji)層治理、團結動員群眾、推動改革發展的堅強戰斗堡(bao)壘。
第一節 健全以(yi)黨(dang)組織為核心的組織體系
堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)基層黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)領導(dao)核心地位,大力推進村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書記通(tong)過法定程序擔(dan)任村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)主任和(he)(he)集體經濟組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、農(nong)民(min)合(he)作組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)負責人(ren),推行村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)“兩委(wei)(wei)”班(ban)子(zi)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)交叉任職;提(ti)(ti)倡(chang)由非村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)班(ban)子(zi)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)或黨員(yuan)(yuan)擔(dan)任村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)務(wu)監(jian)督委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)主任;村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)(hui)成(cheng)員(yuan)(yuan)、村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)民(min)代表中黨員(yuan)(yuan)應當占一定比例。在(zai)以建制村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)為基本單元設(she)置黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)基礎上(shang),創新黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)置。推動農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)基層黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)黨員(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)脫貧攻堅(jian)和(he)(he)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振興(xing)中提(ti)(ti)高威(wei)信、提(ti)(ti)升影響。加強(qiang)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)新型經濟組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)社會(hui)(hui)組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)黨建工(gong)作,引導(dao)其始終堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)為農(nong)民(min)服務(wu)的(de)正確(que)方向(xiang)。
第二節 加強農村(cun)基層黨組織帶(dai)頭人隊(dui)伍建設
實(shi)施村(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帶頭人整(zheng)體(ti)優化提升行動。加大從本(ben)(ben)村(cun)(cun)(cun)致富能手、外出務工經商人員、本(ben)(ben)鄉(xiang)(xiang)本(ben)(ben)土大學畢業生、復員退(tui)伍軍人中(zhong)培(pei)養選拔(ba)力度。以縣(xian)為單(dan)位(wei),逐村(cun)(cun)(cun)摸排(pai)分析,對村(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書記(ji)(ji)集中(zhong)調整(zheng)優化,全面(mian)實(shi)行縣(xian)級備(bei)案管理(li)。健全從優秀村(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書記(ji)(ji)中(zhong)選拔(ba)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)領導干部(bu)(bu)、考錄鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)公務員、招聘鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)事業編制人員機制。通過本(ben)(ben)土人才回(hui)引(yin)、院校定向培(pei)養、縣(xian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)統籌招聘等(deng)渠道(dao),每個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)儲備(bei)一定數量的村(cun)(cun)(cun)級后(hou)備(bei)干部(bu)(bu)。全面(mian)向貧困村(cun)(cun)(cun)、軟弱渙散(san)村(cun)(cun)(cun)和集體(ti)經濟薄弱村(cun)(cun)(cun)黨組織(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)派出第一書記(ji)(ji),建立長效機制。
第三節 加強農村黨員隊伍建(jian)設
加(jia)(jia)強農(nong)(nong)村黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)教育(yu)、管(guan)理(li)、監(jian)督,推進“兩學(xue)(xue)一做(zuo)”學(xue)(xue)習教育(yu)常態(tai)化制度化,教育(yu)引導廣大黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)自覺用習近平新時代中國特色社會(hui)主義思想武裝頭腦(nao)。嚴(yan)格黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的組織生活,全(quan)面落實“三(san)會(hui)一課(ke)”、主題黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)日、談(tan)心談(tan)話、民(min)主評議黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)聯(lian)系農(nong)(nong)戶等制度。加(jia)(jia)強農(nong)(nong)村流動黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)。注(zhu)重發(fa)揮無職黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)用。擴大黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內基層(ceng)民(min)主,推進黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)務公開(kai)。加(jia)(jia)強黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內激(ji)勵關懷幫(bang)扶,定期(qi)走訪慰問農(nong)(nong)村老黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)、生活困難(nan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan),幫(bang)助解(jie)決(jue)實際困難(nan)。穩妥有序開(kai)展不(bu)合(he)格黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)組織處置工(gong)作(zuo)。加(jia)(jia)大在青年(nian)農(nong)(nong)民(min)、外出務工(gong)人員(yuan)(yuan)、婦女(nv)中發(fa)展黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)力度。
第四節 強化農村基(ji)層黨組織建設責任與保障
推動(dong)全面(mian)從嚴(yan)治黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)向縱深(shen)發(fa)展(zhan)、向基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)延(yan)伸,嚴(yan)格落實各級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委尤其是(shi)縣(xian)級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委主(zhu)體責任,進(jin)一步壓實縣(xian)鄉(xiang)紀委監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)責任,將抓(zhua)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建促(cu)脫貧攻堅(jian)(jian)、促(cu)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)情況(kuang)作(zuo)為每年市縣(xian)鄉(xiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委書記抓(zhua)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建述(shu)職(zhi)評(ping)議考(kao)核(he)的(de)重要內容,納(na)入(ru)巡視(shi)、巡察(cha)工作(zuo)內容,作(zuo)為領(ling)導班子綜合(he)評(ping)價和選拔任用領(ling)導干(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)重要依據。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)抓(zhua)鄉(xiang)促(cu)村(cun)(cun),整鄉(xiang)推進(jin)、整縣(xian)提升,加(jia)強基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)組織(zhi)、基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)隊伍、基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)制(zhi)度、基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)活動(dong)、基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)建設(she),持(chi)續整頓軟弱渙散村(cun)(cun)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組織(zhi)。加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)風(feng)廉(lian)政(zheng)(zheng)建設(she),強化農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員的(de)日(ri)常教育(yu)管理監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du),加(jia)強對《農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)廉(lian)潔(jie)履行(xing)職(zhi)責若干(gan)規(gui)定(試(shi)行(xing))》執行(xing)情況(kuang)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)檢查(cha),弘揚(yang)新風(feng)正氣,抵制(zhi)歪風(feng)邪(xie)氣。充分發(fa)揮紀檢監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關在督(du)(du)促(cu)相(xiang)關職(zhi)能部(bu)(bu)(bu)門抓(zhua)好中央政(zheng)(zheng)策落實方(fang)面(mian)的(de)作(zuo)用,加(jia)強對落實情況(kuang)特別是(shi)涉(she)農(nong)(nong)資金撥(bo)付、物資調配等工作(zuo)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du),開(kai)展(zhan)扶貧領(ling)域(yu)腐(fu)敗和作(zuo)風(feng)問題(ti)專(zhuan)項治理,嚴(yan)厲打擊(ji)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)黑(hei)(hei)惡勢力和涉(she)黑(hei)(hei)涉(she)惡腐(fu)敗及(ji)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)傘(san)”,嚴(yan)肅查(cha)處發(fa)生在惠農(nong)(nong)資金、征地拆遷(qian)、生態環保(bao)(bao)(bao)和農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)“三(san)資”管理領(ling)域(yu)的(de)違紀違法問題(ti),堅(jian)(jian)決糾正損害農(nong)(nong)民利益的(de)行(xing)為,嚴(yan)厲整治群眾身邊(bian)腐(fu)敗問題(ti)。全面(mian)執行(xing)以財政(zheng)(zheng)投入(ru)為主(zhu)的(de)穩定的(de)村(cun)(cun)級(ji)組織(zhi)運(yun)轉(zhuan)經費保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)政(zheng)(zheng)策。滿懷(huai)熱情關心關愛農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu),政(zheng)(zheng)治上激勵、工作(zuo)上支(zhi)持(chi)、待遇上保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)、心理上關懷(huai)。重視(shi)發(fa)現和樹立優(you)秀農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)干(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)典(dian)型,彰顯榜樣力量。
第二十六章 促進自(zi)治法治德治有機結合(he)
堅持自治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)基、法(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)本、德(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)先,健全(quan)和(he)創新(xin)村(cun)黨組(zu)織領導(dao)的充滿(man)活力(li)的村(cun)民自治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi),強(qiang)化法(fa)律權威地位,以德(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滋養法(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、涵養自治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),讓德(de)(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貫穿鄉村(cun)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)全(quan)過程。
第一(yi)節 深化村民自治實踐
加(jia)強農(nong)村(cun)(cun)群眾性自(zi)治(zhi)組(zu)織建設(she)。完善(shan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)選舉、民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)協商、民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決策(ce)、民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)理(li)、民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)監督制度(du)。規范村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)委員(yuan)會(hui)等自(zi)治(zhi)組(zu)織選舉辦法,健全(quan)(quan)民(min)(min)(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決策(ce)程(cheng)序。依托(tuo)村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)會(hui)議(yi)、村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)代表會(hui)議(yi)、村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)議(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)、村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)理(li)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)等,形成民(min)(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)議(yi)、民(min)(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)辦、民(min)(min)(min)(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)管(guan)的多(duo)層次基(ji)層協商格局。創(chuang)新村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)議(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)形式,完善(shan)議(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)決策(ce)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體和(he)程(cheng)序,落實(shi)群眾知情(qing)權和(he)決策(ce)權。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)建立健全(quan)(quan)村(cun)(cun)務監督委員(yuan)會(hui),健全(quan)(quan)務實(shi)管(guan)用的村(cun)(cun)務監督機制,推(tui)行村(cun)(cun)級(ji)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)務陽光(guang)工程(cheng)。充(chong)分發揮(hui)自(zi)治(zhi)章(zhang)程(cheng)、村(cun)(cun)規民(min)(min)(min)(min)約(yue)在(zai)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)基(ji)層治(zhi)理(li)中的獨特功能,弘揚公(gong)序良俗。繼續開展以村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)小(xiao)組(zu)或(huo)自(zi)然(ran)村(cun)(cun)為基(ji)本單(dan)元的村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)自(zi)治(zhi)試點工作。加(jia)強基(ji)層紀委監委對村(cun)(cun)民(min)(min)(min)(min)委員(yuan)會(hui)的聯系和(he)指導。
第二節 推進鄉村(cun)法治(zhi)建設
深入(ru)(ru)開展“法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)進鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)”宣傳(chuan)教育活動(dong),提(ti)高(gao)農民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)素養(yang),引導干(gan)部群眾尊法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)學法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)守法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。增強(qiang)(qiang)基(ji)層(ceng)干(gan)部法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)觀念、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)為民意(yi)識(shi),把政(zheng)府(fu)各項涉農工(gong)作(zuo)納(na)入(ru)(ru)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)化軌(gui)道。維護村(cun)(cun)(cun)民委員會、農村(cun)(cun)(cun)集(ji)體(ti)經濟組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)、農村(cun)(cun)(cun)合(he)作(zuo)經濟組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)的特別法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人地位和權利。深入(ru)(ru)推進綜合(he)行政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)改革(ge)向基(ji)層(ceng)延伸,創(chuang)新監(jian)管方式,推動(dong)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)隊(dui)伍整合(he)、執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)力量(liang)下沉(chen),提(ti)高(gao)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)能力和水平(ping)。加強(qiang)(qiang)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)人民調解(jie)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)建(jian)設,建(jian)立健(jian)全鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)調解(jie)、縣市仲裁、司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)障的農村(cun)(cun)(cun)土地承(cheng)包經營糾紛調處機制。健(jian)全農村(cun)(cun)(cun)公共法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)服務(wu)體(ti)系,加強(qiang)(qiang)對農民的法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)援助、司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)救助和公益法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)服務(wu)。深入(ru)(ru)開展法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)縣(市、區)、民主法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)示范(fan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)等法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)創(chuang)建(jian)活動(dong),深化農村(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)層(ceng)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)理。
第三節 提(ti)升鄉(xiang)村德治水平
深(shen)入(ru)挖掘鄉村(cun)熟(shu)人社會蘊(yun)含的道(dao)(dao)德規范(fan),結合時代要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)創(chuang)新(xin),強(qiang)化道(dao)(dao)德教化作用(yong),引導(dao)農民(min)向上(shang)向善、孝老愛(ai)親、重義守信(xin)、勤儉(jian)持家(jia)。建(jian)(jian)立道(dao)(dao)德激勵約束機制(zhi),引導(dao)農民(min)自(zi)我(wo)管理、自(zi)我(wo)教育(yu)、自(zi)我(wo)服務(wu)、自(zi)我(wo)提高,實現家(jia)庭和睦(mu)、鄰里和諧、干(gan)群融洽(qia)。積極發揮新(xin)鄉賢作用(yong)。深(shen)入(ru)推進(jin)移風(feng)易俗,開展專項(xiang)文明行(xing)動(dong),遏制(zhi)大操大辦、相互攀比、“天價(jia)彩(cai)禮”、厚葬薄養(yang)等陳規陋習。加強(qiang)無神(shen)論(lun)宣傳教育(yu),抵制(zhi)封建(jian)(jian)迷信(xin)活動(dong)。深(shen)化農村(cun)殯葬改革(ge)。
第(di)四節 建設(she)平安鄉村
健(jian)全(quan)(quan)落實(shi)社(she)會治(zhi)(zhi)安(an)綜(zong)合治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)領導責任制(zhi)(zhi),健(jian)全(quan)(quan)農(nong)村(cun)社(she)會治(zhi)(zhi)安(an)防控體系,推動(dong)社(she)會治(zhi)(zhi)安(an)防控力量下沉,加(jia)強農(nong)村(cun)群防群治(zhi)(zhi)隊(dui)伍建設。深入(ru)開展(zhan)掃黑(hei)除(chu)惡專項斗爭(zheng)。依法加(jia)大對(dui)農(nong)村(cun)非法宗(zong)教(jiao)、邪教(jiao)活(huo)動(dong)打擊力度,嚴防境外滲透,繼續整治(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)村(cun)亂(luan)建宗(zong)教(jiao)活(huo)動(dong)場所(suo)、濫塑宗(zong)教(jiao)造像。完善縣鄉(xiang)村(cun)三級綜(zong)治(zhi)(zhi)中心功能和(he)運行機制(zhi)(zhi)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)農(nong)村(cun)公共(gong)安(an)全(quan)(quan)體系,持續開展(zhan)農(nong)村(cun)安(an)全(quan)(quan)隱(yin)患(huan)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。加(jia)強農(nong)村(cun)警務(wu)、消防、安(an)全(quan)(quan)生產工作,堅決遏制(zhi)(zhi)重特大安(an)全(quan)(quan)事(shi)(shi)故。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)矛盾糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)多(duo)元化解機制(zhi)(zhi),深入(ru)排查化解各類(lei)矛盾糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen),全(quan)(quan)面(mian)推廣“楓橋經驗”,做到小(xiao)事(shi)(shi)不出村(cun)、大事(shi)(shi)不出鄉(xiang)(鎮(zhen))。落實(shi)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)政府(fu)農(nong)村(cun)道(dao)路(lu)交通安(an)全(quan)(quan)監(jian)督(du)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)責任,探索實(shi)施“路(lu)長制(zhi)(zhi)”。探索以網(wang)格化管理(li)(li)(li)(li)為抓手,推動(dong)基層(ceng)服務(wu)和(he)管理(li)(li)(li)(li)精細(xi)化精準(zhun)化。推進農(nong)村(cun)“雪亮(liang)工程”建設。
第二十七(qi)章 夯實基層(ceng)政權
科學設(she)置(zhi)鄉鎮機構,構建(jian)簡約(yue)高效的基層管(guan)理體制,健全農(nong)村(cun)基層服(fu)務體系,夯實鄉村(cun)治(zhi)理基礎。
第一節 加強基(ji)層政權建設
面向服務人民(min)群眾合理設(she)置基層(ceng)政權(quan)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)、調(diao)配(pei)人力資(zi)(zi)源,不(bu)簡單照搬(ban)上(shang)級(ji)機(ji)關(guan)設(she)置模式。根據工作需(xu)要,整合基層(ceng)審批、服務、執法(fa)等方面力量,統籌(chou)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)編制資(zi)(zi)源,整合相(xiang)關(guan)職(zhi)能設(she)立綜合性機(ji)構(gou)(gou),實行扁平化和(he)網格化管理。推動鄉村(cun)(cun)治理重(zhong)心下移,盡可能把(ba)資(zi)(zi)源、服務、管理下放到基層(ceng)。加(jia)強鄉鎮(zhen)領導班(ban)子(zi)建(jian)設(she),有計劃地選(xuan)派(pai)省(sheng)市縣機(ji)關(guan)部門有發展潛力的年輕干(gan)部到鄉鎮(zhen)任職(zhi)。加(jia)大(da)從優(you)秀(xiu)選(xuan)調(diao)生、鄉鎮(zhen)事(shi)業編制人員、優(you)秀(xiu)村(cun)(cun)干(gan)部、大(da)學生村(cun)(cun)官(guan)中選(xuan)拔鄉鎮(zhen)領導班(ban)子(zi)成(cheng)員力度。加(jia)強邊(bian)境地區、民(min)族(zu)地區農村(cun)(cun)基層(ceng)政權(quan)建(jian)設(she)相(xiang)關(guan)工作。
第(di)二節(jie) 創新(xin)基層管(guan)理體制機制
明確(que)縣(xian)鄉(xiang)財政事(shi)權和支(zhi)出責任劃分,改進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)財政預算管(guan)(guan)理制度(du)(du)(du)。推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)協(xie)商(shang)制度(du)(du)(du)化(hua)、規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)建設,創(chuang)新(xin)聯系服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)群(qun)眾(zhong)工作方法(fa)。推進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直(zhi)接(jie)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)民生的公共事(shi)業部門改革(ge),改進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)方式,最大限度(du)(du)(du)方便群(qun)眾(zhong)。推動鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)政務(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)事(shi)項一窗式辦(ban)理、部門信息系統(tong)一平臺(tai)整合(he)、社會(hui)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)管(guan)(guan)理大數據一口徑(jing)匯集,不斷提高鄉(xiang)村治理智能(neng)化(hua)水平。健全(quan)監督體系,規(gui)范(fan)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)管(guan)(guan)理行為。改革(ge)創(chuang)新(xin)考(kao)評(ping)體系,強化(hua)以群(qun)眾(zhong)滿意度(du)(du)(du)為重點的考(kao)核導(dao)向。嚴格(ge)控(kong)制對(dui)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)設立不切(qie)實(shi)際的“一票否決”事(shi)項。
第三節 健全農村基層服務(wu)體系
制定基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)政府在村(cun)(cun)(cun)(農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)社區)治(zhi)理方(fang)面的(de)權(quan)責(ze)清(qing)單(dan),推進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務規范化標(biao)準(zhun)化。整合優化公共服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務和行(xing)政審(shen)批職(zhi)責(ze),打造“一門(men)式(shi)辦理”、“一站(zhan)式(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務”的(de)綜合服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務平臺。在村(cun)(cun)(cun)莊普(pu)遍(bian)建(jian)立網上服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務站(zhan)點,逐步形成完(wan)善(shan)的(de)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)便(bian)民服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務體系。大力培育服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務性、公益性、互(hu)助性農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)社會(hui)組織,積極發展農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)社會(hui)工作和志(zhi)愿服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)務。開展農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)減負工作,集中清(qing)理對村(cun)(cun)(cun)級組織考(kao)核評比多(duo)、創(chuang)建(jian)達標(biao)多(duo)、檢查督查多(duo)等突出問(wen)題。
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第九(jiu)篇(pian) 保障和改善農村民生
堅持人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)盡(jin)責、人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)享有,圍繞(rao)農(nong)民(min)群眾最(zui)(zui)關(guan)心最(zui)(zui)直接最(zui)(zui)現實(shi)的利益問題,加(jia)快(kuai)補齊農(nong)村民(min)生短板,提高農(nong)村美好(hao)生活保障水平,讓農(nong)民(min)群眾有更多實(shi)實(shi)在在的獲得感(gan)、幸福感(gan)、安全感(gan)。
第二十八章 加強農(nong)村基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)
繼續把(ba)基礎設(she)施建(jian)設(she)重(zhong)點放在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun),持續加(jia)大投(tou)入力(li)度,加(jia)快(kuai)補齊農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基礎設(she)施短板,促進城鄉基礎設(she)施互聯(lian)互通,推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)基礎設(she)施提擋升級。
第一節 改善農(nong)村(cun)交通物(wu)流設施條件
以示范縣為載體(ti)全(quan)面(mian)推進“四好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)路(lu)(lu)(lu)”建(jian)設,深(shen)化農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)公路(lu)(lu)(lu)管(guan)理養護體(ti)制(zhi)改(gai)革,健全(quan)管(guan)理養護長效(xiao)機制(zhi),完(wan)善安全(quan)防護設施(shi)(shi),保障農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)基本(ben)出(chu)行條(tiao)件(jian)。推動城市(shi)公共(gong)交通線路(lu)(lu)(lu)向城市(shi)周邊延伸,鼓勵發展鎮村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)公交,實現具(ju)備(bei)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)建(jian)制(zhi)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)全(quan)部(bu)通客車。加(jia)大對革命(ming)老區(qu)(qu)、民族地(di)區(qu)(qu)、邊疆地(di)區(qu)(qu)、貧困地(di)區(qu)(qu)鐵路(lu)(lu)(lu)公益性運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)的(de)(de)支持(chi)力度,繼(ji)續開好(hao)“慢(man)火車”。加(jia)快(kuai)構(gou)建(jian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)物流基礎設施(shi)(shi)骨干網(wang)絡(luo),鼓勵商貿、郵(you)政、快(kuai)遞、供銷、運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)等(deng)企業(ye)加(jia)大在農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)設施(shi)(shi)網(wang)絡(luo)布(bu)局。加(jia)快(kuai)完(wan)善農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)物流基礎設施(shi)(shi)末端網(wang)絡(luo),鼓勵有條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)建(jian)設面(mian)向農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)共(gong)同配(pei)送中心。
第(di)二節 加強農村水利基礎設施網絡建設
構建大(da)中小微(wei)結合(he)、骨干和田(tian)間(jian)銜(xian)接(jie)、長期(qi)發揮效益的農村(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)基礎設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)網絡,著力提高(gao)節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和防洪減(jian)災能力。科學有序推(tui)(tui)(tui)進重大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)程建設(she)(she)(she),加強災后(hou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)薄弱環(huan)節(jie)建設(she)(she)(she),統籌(chou)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進中小型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)工(gong)程和抗旱應急能力建設(she)(she)(she)。鞏固提升農村(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平,開展大(da)中型(xing)灌(guan)(guan)區續(xu)建配(pei)套節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)改造與現代(dai)化建設(she)(she)(she),有序新(xin)建一(yi)批節(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)型(xing)、生態(tai)型(xing)灌(guan)(guan)區,實施(shi)大(da)中型(xing)灌(guan)(guan)排泵(beng)站更新(xin)改造。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進小型(xing)農田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)達標提質,實施(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系連通和河塘(tang)清淤整治等工(gong)程建設(she)(she)(she)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進智(zhi)慧水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)建設(she)(she)(she)。深化農村(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)工(gong)程產權(quan)制度與管理體制改革,健全基層(ceng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)服務體系,促進工(gong)程長期(qi)良性(xing)運行。
第三節 構(gou)建農村(cun)現代能源體系
優化(hua)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給結構,大(da)力發(fa)展太陽能(neng)(neng)、淺層地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)、生物質(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)等,因地(di)制(zhi)宜開發(fa)利用水(shui)能(neng)(neng)和風能(neng)(neng)。完善農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)基礎(chu)設施(shi)網絡,加快新一輪農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)電網升(sheng)級改(gai)造,推(tui)(tui)動供(gong)氣(qi)設施(shi)向農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)延伸。加快推(tui)(tui)進(jin)生物質(zhi)(zhi)熱電聯產、生物質(zhi)(zhi)供(gong)熱、規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)生物質(zhi)(zhi)天然氣(qi)和規(gui)(gui)模(mo)化(hua)大(da)型沼(zhao)氣(qi)等燃(ran)料清(qing)潔(jie)化(hua)工程。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費升(sheng)級,大(da)幅提(ti)高電能(neng)(neng)在農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費中的(de)比重,加快實(shi)施(shi)北(bei)方(fang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)地(di)區冬(dong)季清(qing)潔(jie)取暖(nuan),積極(ji)穩妥推(tui)(tui)進(jin)散(san)煤(mei)替(ti)代。推(tui)(tui)廣農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)綠色節能(neng)(neng)建筑和農(nong)(nong)(nong)用節能(neng)(neng)技術、產品。大(da)力發(fa)展“互聯網+”智慧(hui)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan),探索(suo)建設農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)革(ge)命示范區。
第四(si)節(jie) 夯實鄉村信息化基礎
深化電信(xin)(xin)普遍服務,加快(kuai)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)地區寬(kuan)帶網絡(luo)和(he)第四(si)代(dai)(dai)移動通信(xin)(xin)網絡(luo)覆(fu)蓋步伐。實施(shi)(shi)新(xin)一代(dai)(dai)信(xin)(xin)息基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)工程(cheng)。實施(shi)(shi)數字鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)戰(zhan)略(lve),加快(kuai)物聯(lian)網、地理信(xin)(xin)息、智能設(she)備等(deng)現代(dai)(dai)信(xin)(xin)息技術(shu)與(yu)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活的全面深度融(rong)合,深化農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)大數據創新(xin)應(ying)用,推廣(guang)遠程(cheng)教(jiao)育、遠程(cheng)醫療、金融(rong)服務進村(cun)(cun)(cun)等(deng)信(xin)(xin)息服務,建立空(kong)間化、智能化的新(xin)型農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)統計信(xin)(xin)息系統。在鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)信(xin)(xin)息化基(ji)礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)過程(cheng)中,同(tong)步規劃、同(tong)步建設(she)、同(tong)步實施(shi)(shi)網絡(luo)安全工作。
第二(er)十九章(zhang) 提升農村勞動力就業質量
堅持就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)優先(xian)戰略和(he)積極就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)政策(ce),健全城鄉(xiang)均等的(de)公共就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)服務(wu)體(ti)系,不斷提升(sheng)農村勞動者素(su)質,拓(tuo)展農民外出就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)和(he)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)地就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)近就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)空間,實現更高質量和(he)更充(chong)分就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)。
第一(yi)節 拓寬轉移就業渠道
增強經濟發展創造就業崗位能力,拓寬農村勞動力轉移就業渠道,引導農村勞動力外出就業,更加積極地支持就地就近就業。發展壯大縣域經濟,加快培育區(qu)域(yu)特色(se)產業(ye)(ye),拓寬農民(min)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)空間。大力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)吸(xi)納就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)能力(li)(li)(li)強的(de)產業(ye)(ye)和企(qi)業(ye)(ye),結(jie)合(he)(he)新型城鎮化建(jian)設(she)(she)合(he)(he)理引導產業(ye)(ye)梯度(du)轉移(yi),創造更多適合(he)(he)農村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力(li)(li)(li)轉移(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)的(de)機會,推(tui)進(jin)農村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力(li)(li)(li)轉移(yi)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)示(shi)范(fan)基(ji)地建(jian)設(she)(she)。加強勞(lao)(lao)務協作,積(ji)極開展(zhan)有組(zu)織的(de)勞(lao)(lao)務輸出。實施鄉(xiang)村(cun)就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)促進(jin)行(xing)動,大力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)展(zhan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)特色(se)產業(ye)(ye),推(tui)進(jin)鄉(xiang)村(cun)經濟多元(yuan)化,提供更多就(jiu)(jiu)業(ye)(ye)崗位。結(jie)合(he)(he)農村(cun)基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施等(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she),鼓(gu)勵采取以工(gong)代賑方式就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)吸(xi)納農村(cun)勞(lao)(lao)動力(li)(li)(li)務工(gong)。
第二節 強(qiang)化鄉村就業服務
健全覆蓋城鄉的公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)服務(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)系,提(ti)供全方位公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)服務(wu)(wu)。加強鄉鎮、行政村(cun)基層平臺建(jian)設,擴大就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)服務(wu)(wu)覆蓋面,提(ti)升服務(wu)(wu)水平。開展(zhan)農村(cun)勞動(dong)力資(zi)源調(diao)查統計,建(jian)立農村(cun)勞動(dong)力資(zi)源信息庫并實行動(dong)態管理(li)。加快公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)服務(wu)(wu)信息化建(jian)設,打造線上線下(xia)一體(ti)(ti)的服務(wu)(wu)模式。推動(dong)建(jian)立覆蓋城鄉全體(ti)(ti)勞動(dong)者、貫穿勞動(dong)者學習工(gong)作終身(shen)、適應就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和人才成長需要的職業(ye)(ye)(ye)技能培訓(xun)制度(du),增強職業(ye)(ye)(ye)培訓(xun)的針對性和有效性。在整(zheng)合(he)資(zi)源基礎上,合(he)理(li)布局建(jian)設一批公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)實訓(xun)基地(di)。
第三節 完善(shan)制度保障體系(xi)
推動形成平(ping)等競(jing)爭(zheng)、規范(fan)有序、城(cheng)鄉(xiang)統一的人(ren)(ren)力(li)資源市場,建立(li)健全(quan)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)勞動者(zhe)平(ping)等就(jiu)業(ye)、同(tong)工同(tong)酬制(zhi)度,提高就(jiu)業(ye)穩定性(xing)和收入水平(ping)。健全(quan)人(ren)(ren)力(li)資源市場法律法規體系,依法保障農村勞動者(zhe)和用人(ren)(ren)單位合法權(quan)益。完善政府、工會、企(qi)業(ye)共(gong)同(tong)參與(yu)的協調協商機制(zhi),構建和諧勞動關(guan)系。落實(shi)就(jiu)業(ye)服務(wu)、人(ren)(ren)才激勵(li)、教(jiao)育(yu)培(pei)訓、資金獎補、金融(rong)支持、社(she)會保險等就(jiu)業(ye)扶(fu)(fu)持相關(guan)政策。加(jia)強就(jiu)業(ye)援助,對就(jiu)業(ye)困難(nan)農民實(shi)行分類幫扶(fu)(fu)。
第三十章 增(zeng)加農村(cun)公共服務供給
繼續(xu)把國家社會(hui)事業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)重點放在農村,促進公(gong)(gong)共(gong)教(jiao)育、醫療衛(wei)生(sheng)、社會(hui)保(bao)障等資(zi)源(yuan)向農村傾(qing)斜,逐步建(jian)立健全全民覆蓋、普惠共(gong)享、城(cheng)(cheng)鄉一體的(de)基(ji)本公(gong)(gong)共(gong)服務體系,推進城(cheng)(cheng)鄉基(ji)本公(gong)(gong)共(gong)服務均等化。
第一(yi)節 優先發展農村教育事業
統籌規劃布局(ju)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)基礎(chu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),保障學(xue)(xue)(xue)生就近享有(you)(you)有(you)(you)質(zhi)量(liang)的教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。科學(xue)(xue)(xue)推(tui)(tui)進義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)標準化(hua)(hua)建設(she)(she),全面改善貧困地(di)區義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)薄弱學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)基本辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)條件,加強(qiang)寄宿制學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)建設(she)(she),提(ti)升鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)量(liang),實(shi)現縣(xian)域校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)際資(zi)源均(jun)衡配置。發展(zhan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)前(qian)(qian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),每(mei)個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)至少辦(ban)好1所公辦(ban)中(zhong)心幼兒園,完(wan)善縣(xian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)前(qian)(qian)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)網(wang)絡。繼續實(shi)施(shi)特殊教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)升計劃。科學(xue)(xue)(xue)穩(wen)妥推(tui)(tui)行(xing)民族(zu)地(di)區鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)中(zhong)小學(xue)(xue)(xue)雙語(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),堅定不移推(tui)(tui)行(xing)國家通用語(yu)(yu)言(yan)文字教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。實(shi)施(shi)高(gao)中(zhong)階(jie)段(duan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)普及攻堅計劃,提(ti)高(gao)高(gao)中(zhong)階(jie)段(duan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)普及水(shui)平。大力(li)發展(zhan)面向(xiang)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),加快推(tui)(tui)進職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)院校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)布局(ju)結構調整,加強(qiang)縣(xian)級職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)心建設(she)(she),有(you)(you)針(zhen)對性(xing)地(di)設(she)(she)置專(zhuan)業(ye)和課程,滿足鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產業(ye)發展(zhan)和振興需要。推(tui)(tui)動優質(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)輻射農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)薄弱學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)常態(tai)化(hua)(hua),加強(qiang)城鄉(xiang)(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師交流輪崗。積(ji)極(ji)發展(zhan)“互聯網(wang)+教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”,推(tui)(tui)進鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she),優化(hua)(hua)數字教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資(zi)源公共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)體系。落(luo)實(shi)好鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師支(zhi)持計劃,繼續實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師特設(she)(she)崗位計劃,加強(qiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)緊缺(que)學(xue)(xue)(xue)科教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師和民族(zu)地(di)區雙語(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師培(pei)訓,落(luo)實(shi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師生活補(bu)助政策(ce),建好建強(qiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊(dui)伍(wu)。
第二節 推進(jin)健康鄉村建設
深入實(shi)施國家基(ji)(ji)本(ben)公共(gong)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)項目,完善(shan)(shan)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)公共(gong)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)項目補助政策(ce),提供基(ji)(ji)礎性全(quan)(quan)方(fang)位全(quan)(quan)周期(qi)的(de)健(jian)康(kang)(kang)管理服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。加強慢性病(bing)(bing)、地方(fang)病(bing)(bing)綜合防控(kong),大力(li)推(tui)進(jin)農村(cun)地區精神衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、職業病(bing)(bing)和(he)重大傳染病(bing)(bing)防治(zhi)。深化(hua)(hua)農村(cun)計劃(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)(yu)管理服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)改革,落實(shi)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)兩孩政策(ce)。增強婦幼健(jian)康(kang)(kang)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)能力(li),倡(chang)導(dao)優(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)優(you)(you)育(yu)(yu)。加強基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)醫(yi)(yi)療衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體系建(jian)設,基(ji)(ji)本(ben)實(shi)現每個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮都有(you)(you)1所政府舉辦的(de)鄉(xiang)鎮衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院,每個(ge)行政村(cun)都有(you)(you)1所衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)室,每個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)院都有(you)(you)全(quan)(quan)科醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),支(zhi)持中西部地區基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)醫(yi)(yi)療衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)構標準化(hua)(hua)建(jian)設和(he)設備提擋升級(ji)。切(qie)實(shi)加強鄉(xiang)村(cun)醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)隊伍(wu)建(jian)設,支(zhi)持并推(tui)動鄉(xiang)村(cun)醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)申請執業(助理)醫(yi)(yi)師資(zi)格(ge)。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)建(jian)立分級(ji)診療制度,實(shi)行差(cha)別化(hua)(hua)的(de)醫(yi)(yi)保支(zhi)付和(he)價(jia)格(ge)政策(ce)。深入推(tui)進(jin)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)綜合改革,完善(shan)(shan)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)醫(yi)(yi)療衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)構績(ji)效工資(zi)制度。開展(zhan)和(he)規范(fan)家庭醫(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)簽約(yue)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。樹(shu)立大衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大健(jian)康(kang)(kang)理念,廣泛開展(zhan)健(jian)康(kang)(kang)教育(yu)(yu)活動,倡(chang)導(dao)科學文明健(jian)康(kang)(kang)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式,養成良(liang)好衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)習慣,提升居(ju)民文明衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)質(zhi)。
第三節 加(jia)強農村社會保障體系建設
按(an)照兜底線(xian)、織(zhi)密網、建(jian)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的要求,全(quan)面建(jian)成覆蓋全(quan)民(min)(min)(min)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)、權(quan)責清晰、保(bao)(bao)(bao)障適度(du)(du)、可持續的多層次社(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障體系。進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)基(ji)本(ben)養(yang)老保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du),加快建(jian)立城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)基(ji)本(ben)養(yang)老保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)待遇確定和(he)(he)基(ji)礎養(yang)老金(jin)標準正常調整機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。完(wan)善(shan)(shan)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)基(ji)本(ben)醫(yi)療(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)大病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du),做好農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)重特大疾(ji)病(bing)救(jiu)助工作,健全(quan)醫(yi)療(liao)救(jiu)助與(yu)基(ji)本(ben)醫(yi)療(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)大病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)及(ji)相關保(bao)(bao)(bao)障制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)的銜接機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),鞏(gong)固城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)醫(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)全(quan)國異地就醫(yi)聯網直接結(jie)算。推進低(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)發展,健全(quan)低(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)標準動態調整機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。全(quan)面實施特困人(ren)員救(jiu)助供養(yang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du),提(ti)升(sheng)托(tuo)底保(bao)(bao)(bao)障能力和(he)(he)服(fu)務(wu)質量。推動各地通(tong)過政府購買服(fu)務(wu)、設置基(ji)層公(gong)共(gong)管理和(he)(he)社(she)會(hui)服(fu)務(wu)崗位、引入社(she)會(hui)工作專業(ye)人(ren)才和(he)(he)志愿者(zhe)等方式,為農(nong)村留(liu)守(shou)兒童(tong)和(he)(he)婦(fu)女(nv)、老年人(ren)以(yi)及(ji)困境兒童(tong)提(ti)供關愛服(fu)務(wu)。加強和(he)(he)改善(shan)(shan)農(nong)村殘疾(ji)人(ren)服(fu)務(wu),將(jiang)殘疾(ji)人(ren)普遍納入社(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障體系予(yu)以(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障和(he)(he)扶(fu)持。
第四節 提升(sheng)農(nong)村養老服務能(neng)力(li)
適應農(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)口(kou)老齡化加劇形(xing)勢,加快建立以居家為基礎、社區為依托、機構(gou)為補充的多層次農(nong)村(cun)(cun)養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體系。以鄉鎮為中心,建立具(ju)有綜合(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)功能、醫(yi)養(yang)(yang)相結合(he)的養(yang)(yang)老機構(gou),與農(nong)村(cun)(cun)基本公共(gong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、農(nong)村(cun)(cun)特困供養(yang)(yang)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、農(nong)村(cun)(cun)互(hu)助養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)相互(hu)配(pei)合(he),形(xing)成農(nong)村(cun)(cun)基本養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)網絡。提高鄉村(cun)(cun)衛(wei)生服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)機構(gou)為老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)提供醫(yi)療(liao)保健(jian)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的能力。支持主要面向失能、半失能老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)的農(nong)村(cun)(cun)養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)設施建設,推進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)幸(xing)福(fu)院等互(hu)助型養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發展(zhan),建立健(jian)全(quan)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)留守老年(nian)(nian)人(ren)關愛服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體系。開發農(nong)村(cun)(cun)康養(yang)(yang)產(chan)業項目。鼓(gu)勵村(cun)(cun)集(ji)體建設用(yong)地優(you)先用(yong)于發展(zhan)養(yang)(yang)老服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。
第五節 加(jia)強農村防災減災救(jiu)災能力建(jian)設
堅持以(yi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)為主、防(fang)(fang)(fang)抗(kang)救相結合(he),堅持常(chang)(chang)態(tai)減災(zai)(zai)(zai)與非常(chang)(chang)態(tai)救災(zai)(zai)(zai)相統一(yi),全(quan)面提高抵御各類災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)范(fan)能力。加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)自然(ran)(ran)災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)監測預(yu)(yu)報預(yu)(yu)警,解決農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)預(yu)(yu)警信息發布(bu)“最后(hou)一(yi)公(gong)里(li)”問題(ti)。加(jia)強防(fang)(fang)(fang)災(zai)(zai)(zai)減災(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she),推進(jin)實施自然(ran)(ran)災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)高風險區農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)困難群眾危房改造(zao)。全(quan)面深化(hua)森林、草原火災(zai)(zai)(zai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)控(kong)治理。大(da)力推進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)公(gong)共消防(fang)(fang)(fang)設(she)施、消防(fang)(fang)(fang)力量和(he)消防(fang)(fang)(fang)安(an)(an)全(quan)管理組織建(jian)設(she),改善農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)消防(fang)(fang)(fang)安(an)(an)全(quan)條件。推進(jin)自然(ran)(ran)災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)救助物資儲備體系建(jian)設(she)。開展(zhan)災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)救助應急預(yu)(yu)案編制和(he)演練,完善應對(dui)災(zai)(zai)(zai)害(hai)的政策(ce)支持體系和(he)災(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)重建(jian)工(gong)作機制。在(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)廣泛開展(zhan)防(fang)(fang)(fang)災(zai)(zai)(zai)減災(zai)(zai)(zai)宣傳教育。
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第十(shi)篇 完善城鄉融合發展政策體系
順應城(cheng)鄉融合發展(zhan)趨(qu)勢,重塑城(cheng)鄉關系,更好激發農村(cun)內部(bu)發展(zhan)活力(li)、優化農村(cun)外部(bu)發展(zhan)環境,推動(dong)人(ren)才、土地、資本等要素雙向流動(dong),為(wei)鄉村(cun)振興注入新(xin)動(dong)能。
第三十(shi)一(yi)章 加快農業轉移人(ren)口市民化
加(jia)快推進戶籍制度改革,全面實行居住(zhu)證(zheng)制度,促進有(you)能力在城鎮穩(wen)定就業和生活的(de)農業轉(zhuan)移人口有(you)序實現市民化。
第一節 健(jian)全落戶(hu)制度
鼓勵各地(di)進(jin)一步放寬落(luo)戶(hu)(hu)條件,除(chu)極少數超大(da)城(cheng)市(shi)外,允許農(nong)業轉移(yi)人口在(zai)就(jiu)業地(di)落(luo)戶(hu)(hu),優先解決(jue)農(nong)村學(xue)生(sheng)升學(xue)和參(can)軍進(jin)入城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的人口、在(zai)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)就(jiu)業居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)5年以上和舉家(jia)遷徙(xi)的農(nong)業轉移(yi)人口以及(ji)新(xin)生(sheng)代(dai)農(nong)民工落(luo)戶(hu)(hu)問題。區(qu)(qu)分(fen)超大(da)城(cheng)市(shi)和特大(da)城(cheng)市(shi)主城(cheng)區(qu)(qu)、郊區(qu)(qu)、新(xin)區(qu)(qu)等區(qu)(qu)域,分(fen)類制定落(luo)戶(hu)(hu)政策,重點解決(jue)符合(he)條件的普通勞(lao)動(dong)者落(luo)戶(hu)(hu)問題。全面(mian)實(shi)行(xing)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)證制度,確保各地(di)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)證申領門檻(jian)不高于國家(jia)標準(zhun)、享受(shou)的各項基(ji)本公共服務和辦(ban)事便利不低于國家(jia)標準(zhun),推進(jin)居(ju)(ju)住(zhu)證制度覆蓋全部未落(luo)戶(hu)(hu)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)常住(zhu)人口。
第二(er)節 保障享有權(quan)益
不斷擴(kuo)大城鎮(zhen)基本(ben)(ben)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)覆蓋面(mian),保障符合(he)條件的(de)未落(luo)(luo)戶農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工在流入(ru)(ru)(ru)地(di)平等享(xiang)受(shou)城鎮(zhen)基本(ben)(ben)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。通過多種方式增加(jia)學位供(gong)給(gei),保障農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工隨遷子(zi)女以(yi)流入(ru)(ru)(ru)地(di)公(gong)辦學校為主(zhu)接(jie)受(shou)義務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu),以(yi)普惠性幼兒園為主(zhu)接(jie)受(shou)學前教育(yu)。完善就業失業登(deng)記管理制度,面(mian)向農(nong)(nong)(nong)業轉移人口全(quan)面(mian)提供(gong)政府補貼(tie)職業技能培訓服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。將農(nong)(nong)(nong)業轉移人口納入(ru)(ru)(ru)社區(qu)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)和計劃生(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)體系,提供(gong)基本(ben)(ben)醫療(liao)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。把(ba)進(jin)城落(luo)(luo)戶農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)完全(quan)納入(ru)(ru)(ru)城鎮(zhen)社會(hui)保障體系,在農(nong)(nong)(nong)村參加(jia)的(de)養(yang)老保險和醫療(liao)保險規范接(jie)入(ru)(ru)(ru)城鎮(zhen)社會(hui)保障體系,做好基本(ben)(ben)醫療(liao)保險關系轉移接(jie)續和異地(di)就醫結算工作。把(ba)進(jin)城落(luo)(luo)戶農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)完全(quan)納入(ru)(ru)(ru)城鎮(zhen)住房保障體系,對符合(he)條件的(de)采取(qu)多種方式滿足(zu)基本(ben)(ben)住房需求。
第三節 完善激勵機制(zhi)
維護進城(cheng)(cheng)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)土地承(cheng)包(bao)權(quan)、宅(zhai)基地使用權(quan)、集體(ti)收益(yi)分配權(quan),引(yin)導進城(cheng)(cheng)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)依法自愿有償轉讓上述(shu)權(quan)益(yi)。加(jia)快戶(hu)籍變動(dong)與(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村“三權(quan)”脫鉤(gou),不得以(yi)退出“三權(quan)”作為農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)進城(cheng)(cheng)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian),促使有條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業轉移人口放(fang)心(xin)落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮。落(luo)(luo)實支持農(nong)(nong)(nong)業轉移人口市(shi)(shi)民(min)化財(cai)政政策(ce),以(yi)及城(cheng)(cheng)鎮建設用地增加(jia)規模與(yu)(yu)吸納農(nong)(nong)(nong)業轉移人口落(luo)(luo)戶(hu)數量掛(gua)鉤(gou)政策(ce),健全由政府、企業、個(ge)人共同參(can)與(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)民(min)化成本(ben)分擔機(ji)制。
第三十(shi)二章(zhang) 強化(hua)鄉村(cun)振興人才支撐(cheng)
實行更加(jia)積極(ji)、更加(jia)開放、更加(jia)有效的人(ren)才(cai)政策,推動鄉村人(ren)才(cai)振(zhen)興(xing),讓(rang)各類人(ren)才(cai)在鄉村大施所(suo)能、大展才(cai)華、大顯身手。
第(di)一節 培育(yu)新型職業農民
全面建立職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)制度,培(pei)養新一代(dai)愛(ai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、懂(dong)技術(shu)、善(shan)經營的(de)新型(xing)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min),優化農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者結構。實施新型(xing)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)培(pei)育工(gong)程(cheng),支持新型(xing)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)通過彈性學(xue)制參加(jia)中高等(deng)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)教育。創新培(pei)訓(xun)組織形式,探(tan)索田間課堂、網絡(luo)教室等(deng)培(pei)訓(xun)方式,支持農(nong)民(min)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合作(zuo)社、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技術(shu)協會(hui)、龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)主(zhu)體(ti)承(cheng)擔培(pei)訓(xun)。鼓(gu)勵各地(di)開展職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)職(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)評定試點(dian)。引導符合條件(jian)的(de)新型(xing)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)參加(jia)城鎮職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)養老、醫療等(deng)社會(hui)保障制度。
第(di)二節 加強農村專(zhuan)業人才隊伍建設
加大“三農(nong)(nong)”領(ling)域實用專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才培育力度,提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)村專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才服務保障能力。加強農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣人(ren)才隊伍(wu)建(jian)設,探索公益性和(he)(he)經(jing)營性農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣融合發展機制(zhi),允許農(nong)(nong)技人(ren)員(yuan)通(tong)過提供增值服務合理取酬,全(quan)面(mian)實施(shi)農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣服務特聘計劃(hua)。加強涉農(nong)(nong)院校和(he)(he)學(xue)科(ke)(ke)專業(ye)(ye)建(jian)設,大力培育農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)技、科(ke)(ke)普(pu)人(ren)才,深入(ru)實施(shi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)研杰出人(ren)才計劃(hua)和(he)(he)杰出青年農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)家項目,深化(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)系列(lie)職稱制(zhi)度改革(ge)。
第三節 鼓勵社(she)會人才投身鄉村(cun)建設
建(jian)立(li)健全(quan)激勵機(ji)(ji)制(zhi),研究制(zhi)定(ding)完善(shan)相關政(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施和(he)管理辦(ban)法,鼓勵社會(hui)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)投身鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)建(jian)設。以鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)情鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)愁為紐帶,引(yin)導和(he)支持(chi)企業家、黨政(zheng)干部、專家學者、醫生(sheng)教師、規劃師、建(jian)筑師、律師、技能人(ren)(ren)才(cai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng),通過下鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)擔任志愿(yuan)者、投資興業、行(xing)醫辦(ban)學、捐資捐物、法律服(fu)務等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)式服(fu)務鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興事業,允許符合(he)要求的(de)公職人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)回鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)任職。落(luo)實(shi)和(he)完善(shan)融資貸(dai)款、配套設施建(jian)設補助、稅費減免(mian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)扶持(chi)政(zheng)策(ce),引(yin)導工商資本積(ji)極投入(ru)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興事業。繼續實(shi)施“三區”(邊(bian)遠貧困地(di)(di)(di)區、邊(bian)疆民族(zu)地(di)(di)(di)區和(he)革命老區)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)支持(chi)計劃,深(shen)入(ru)推進大(da)學生(sheng)村(cun)(cun)官工作,因地(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)宜實(shi)施“三支一扶”、高(gao)校(xiao)畢業生(sheng)基(ji)層成長等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)計劃,開展鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興“巾(jin)幗行(xing)動”、青春建(jian)功行(xing)動。建(jian)立(li)城鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、區域、校(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)之間人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培養合(he)作與交流機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。全(quan)面建(jian)立(li)城市醫生(sheng)教師、科(ke)技文化人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)定(ding)期服(fu)務鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。
第三十三章 加強鄉村振興用地保障
完善農村(cun)(cun)土地(di)利用(yong)管理(li)政策體系,盤活存量(liang),用(yong)好流量(liang),輔以增量(liang),激活農村(cun)(cun)土地(di)資源資產,保障鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興(xing)用(yong)地(di)需求。
第一節 健全農村土地管理(li)制度
總結農村土地(di)(di)征(zheng)收、集(ji)體經(jing)(jing)營(ying)性建(jian)設(she)用地(di)(di)入市、宅(zhai)基地(di)(di)制度改革試點經(jing)(jing)驗(yan),逐(zhu)步擴大試點,加快土地(di)(di)管理法修改。探索具(ju)體用地(di)(di)項(xiang)目公(gong)共(gong)利益認定(ding)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制,完善征(zheng)地(di)(di)補償標準(zhun),建(jian)立被(bei)征(zheng)地(di)(di)農民長遠生(sheng)計的(de)多(duo)元保障機(ji)(ji)(ji)制。建(jian)立健全依法公(gong)平取得、節約集(ji)約使用、自愿有償退出的(de)宅(zhai)基地(di)(di)管理制度。在符(fu)合(he)規劃和(he)用途管制前提(ti)下,賦予農村集(ji)體經(jing)(jing)營(ying)性建(jian)設(she)用地(di)(di)出讓(rang)、租賃(lin)、入股權能,明確入市范圍(wei)和(he)途徑。建(jian)立集(ji)體經(jing)(jing)營(ying)性建(jian)設(she)用地(di)(di)增值收益分配機(ji)(ji)(ji)制。
第(di)二節(jie) 完(wan)善農村新增用地保障機(ji)制(zhi)
統籌農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村各(ge)項土(tu)地利(li)用(yong)(yong)活動(dong),鄉鎮(zhen)土(tu)地利(li)用(yong)(yong)總體規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)預留(liu)一(yi)定比例(li)的(de)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)建設用(yong)(yong)地指(zhi)標(biao)(biao),用(yong)(yong)于農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村發展。根據規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)確定的(de)用(yong)(yong)地結構和布局,年度土(tu)地利(li)用(yong)(yong)計劃(hua)(hua)分配中(zhong)可(ke)安排(pai)一(yi)定比例(li)新增建設用(yong)(yong)地指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)專項支(zhi)持農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村發展。對于農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)過程中(zhong)所需各(ge)類(lei)生(sheng)產(chan)設施(shi)(shi)和附屬設施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)地,以(yi)(yi)及由于農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)模(mo)經營必(bi)須興(xing)建的(de)配套設施(shi)(shi),在不占用(yong)(yong)永久基本農(nong)(nong)(nong)田的(de)前提下,納(na)入(ru)設施(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地管理,實行(xing)縣(xian)級備案。鼓勵農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)與村莊(zhuang)建設用(yong)(yong)地復合利(li)用(yong)(yong),發展農(nong)(nong)(nong)村新產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態,拓(tuo)展土(tu)地使用(yong)(yong)功能。
第三節 盤活農村存量建設用地
完善農(nong)民(min)閑置(zhi)宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)閑置(zhi)農(nong)房(fang)政(zheng)策,探索宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)所(suo)有(you)權(quan)、資(zi)格(ge)權(quan)、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)權(quan)“三(san)權(quan)分(fen)置(zhi)”,落實宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)集體所(suo)有(you)權(quan),保障宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)農(nong)戶資(zi)格(ge)權(quan)和(he)農(nong)民(min)房(fang)屋(wu)財產(chan)權(quan),適度放(fang)活宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)農(nong)民(min)房(fang)屋(wu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)權(quan),不得違(wei)規(gui)(gui)違(wei)法買賣宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di),嚴格(ge)實行(xing)土地(di)(di)(di)用(yong)途管制,嚴格(ge)禁(jin)止下鄉利用(yong)農(nong)村宅(zhai)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)別(bie)墅大院和(he)私人(ren)會館。在符合土地(di)(di)(di)利用(yong)總體規(gui)(gui)劃前(qian)提下,允(yun)許縣級政(zheng)府通過村土地(di)(di)(di)利用(yong)規(gui)(gui)劃調整(zheng)優化村莊用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)布局(ju),有(you)效利用(yong)農(nong)村零(ling)星分(fen)散的存量建(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)。對利用(yong)收儲農(nong)村閑置(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)發展農(nong)村新產(chan)業新業態(tai)的,給(gei)予(yu)新增建(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)指標獎勵。
第三十(shi)四章(zhang) 健全多元投(tou)入保障機制
健全(quan)投(tou)入(ru)保障(zhang)制度(du),完善政府(fu)投(tou)資體制,充分激發社會(hui)投(tou)資的(de)(de)動力和活力,加快形成財政優先保障(zhang)、社會(hui)積極參與(yu)的(de)(de)多元投(tou)入(ru)格局(ju)。
第一節 繼(ji)續堅(jian)持財(cai)政優先保(bao)障
建(jian)立健全實施鄉村振興戰(zhan)略財政(zheng)投(tou)(tou)入保(bao)障制度,明確和(he)(he)強(qiang)化各級政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)“三(san)農(nong)”投(tou)(tou)入責任(ren),公共財政(zheng)更大(da)力(li)度向“三(san)農(nong)”傾斜,確保(bao)財政(zheng)投(tou)(tou)入與鄉村振興目(mu)標任(ren)務(wu)相(xiang)適應。規范地方政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)舉債融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)為,支持(chi)地方政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)一般債券用(yong)(yong)于(yu)支持(chi)鄉村振興領(ling)域公益(yi)(yi)性項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu),鼓勵地方政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)試點(dian)發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)(he)收益(yi)(yi)自(zi)平衡的(de)(de)專項(xiang)(xiang)債券,支持(chi)符合(he)條件、有(you)一定(ding)收益(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)鄉村公益(yi)(yi)性建(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。加大(da)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)農(nong)業綠色生(sheng)產、可持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)展、農(nong)村人居環境、基(ji)本公共服務(wu)等重點(dian)領(ling)域和(he)(he)薄弱環節支持(chi)力(li)度,充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)優化供給(gei)結構(gou)的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵性作用(yong)(yong)。充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)規劃的(de)(de)引領(ling)作用(yong)(yong),推(tui)進行(xing)(xing)業內資(zi)(zi)(zi)金整合(he)與行(xing)(xing)業間資(zi)(zi)(zi)金統(tong)籌相(xiang)互銜接配合(he),加快(kuai)建(jian)立涉農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金統(tong)籌整合(he)長效(xiao)機(ji)制。強(qiang)化支農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金監督管理(li),提高財政(zheng)支農(nong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金使用(yong)(yong)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)。
第二(er)節 提高土地(di)出讓收益用(yong)于(yu)農(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)村比例
開拓投(tou)融資渠道(dao),健全(quan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興投(tou)入(ru)(ru)保障制度,為實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興戰略(lve)提供穩定(ding)可靠資金來源(yuan)。堅持取(qu)之于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)(di),主要用(yong)之于(yu)農(nong)的原則(ze),制定(ding)調整完(wan)善土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)出讓(rang)收入(ru)(ru)使用(yong)范圍、提高農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)投(tou)入(ru)(ru)比例的政策性意(yi)見(jian),所籌集資金用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)持實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興戰略(lve)。改進耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)補(bu)平衡(heng)管理辦法(fa),建立高標(biao)準農(nong)田(tian)建設等新增耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)指標(biao)和(he)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建設用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)增減掛鉤節余指標(biao)跨(kua)省域調劑機制,將所得收益通過支(zhi)出預算全(quan)部(bu)用(yong)于(yu)鞏固脫貧(pin)攻堅成果和(he)支(zhi)持實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振興戰略(lve)。
第三節(jie) 引導和撬動(dong)社會資本(ben)投向農村
優(you)化(hua)鄉村營商(shang)環(huan)(huan)境,加大(da)農(nong)村基(ji)礎(chu)設施(shi)和公用事(shi)業(ye)領(ling)域(yu)開放(fang)力度(du),吸引社(she)會(hui)資(zi)本(ben)參與鄉村振興。規范有序盤活農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村基(ji)礎(chu)設施(shi)存(cun)量資(zi)產(chan),回(hui)收資(zi)金主(zhu)要用于(yu)補短(duan)板(ban)項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)(jian)設。繼續深化(hua)“放(fang)管服”改革,鼓勵(li)工(gong)商(shang)資(zi)本(ben)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村,為鄉村振興提供綜合性解(jie)決方案。鼓勵(li)利用外資(zi)開展(zhan)現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)、產(chan)業(ye)融合、生態修復、人居環(huan)(huan)境整治(zhi)和農(nong)村基(ji)礎(chu)設施(shi)等建(jian)(jian)設。推廣(guang)一(yi)事(shi)一(yi)議(yi)、以獎代補等方式,鼓勵(li)農(nong)民對直接受益的鄉村基(ji)礎(chu)設施(shi)建(jian)(jian)設投(tou)(tou)工(gong)投(tou)(tou)勞,讓農(nong)民更多參與建(jian)(jian)設管護。
第三十(shi)五章 加大金融支農力度(du)
健(jian)全適合農業農村(cun)特點的(de)(de)農村(cun)金(jin)融體系,把更多金(jin)融資源配置到農村(cun)經濟社會發展的(de)(de)重點領域和薄弱環節,更好滿足鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興多樣化金(jin)融需求。
第一節(jie) 健全金融支農組織體系
發展鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)普(pu)惠(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)。深入(ru)推進(jin)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)機(ji)構專業化(hua)體制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)建(jian)設,形成(cheng)多樣化(hua)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服務(wu)主體。指導大(da)型商業銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)立足普(pu)惠(hui)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)事(shi)業部等(deng)專營機(ji)制(zhi)建(jian)設,完善(shan)專業化(hua)的“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)”金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服務(wu)供給(gei)機(ji)制(zhi)。完善(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)業銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國郵政儲蓄銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)“三(san)(san)農(nong)(nong)”金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)事(shi)業部運營體系,明確國家開發銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)(nong)業發展銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)興中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的職責定(ding)位,加(jia)大(da)對鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)興信貸支持。支持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)優(you)化(hua)網點(dian)渠道建(jian)設,下沉服務(wu)重心。推動(dong)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)信用(yong)社(she)(she)省(sheng)聯社(she)(she)改革(ge),保(bao)(bao)持農(nong)(nong)村(cun)信用(yong)社(she)(she)縣(xian)域法(fa)人地位和數量(liang)總(zong)體穩定(ding),完善(shan)村(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)準入(ru)條件(jian)。引導農(nong)(nong)民(min)合作金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)健康有序發展。鼓勵證(zheng)券、保(bao)(bao)險、擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)、基金(jin)(jin)、期貨、租賃、信托等(deng)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資源聚焦服務(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)興。
第二節 創(chuang)新(xin)金融支農產品和服務(wu)
加快農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)產(chan)品和(he)(he)服(fu)務方式(shi)創(chuang)新,持(chi)續深入推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村支(zhi)付(fu)環境(jing)建設,全(quan)面激(ji)活(huo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)務鏈條(tiao)。穩妥有序推進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村承(cheng)包土地(di)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民住房(fang)財(cai)產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、集(ji)體經(jing)營性(xing)建設用(yong)(yong)地(di)使用(yong)(yong)權(quan)(quan)(quan)抵押(ya)貸款試點。探索縣級(ji)土地(di)儲備公(gong)司參與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村承(cheng)包土地(di)經(jing)營權(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民住房(fang)財(cai)產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)“兩權(quan)(quan)(quan)”抵押(ya)試點工作(zuo)。充分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮全(quan)國信(xin)用(yong)(yong)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)共享平(ping)臺和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)信(xin)用(yong)(yong)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)基礎數據庫的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),探索開發(fa)(fa)(fa)新型信(xin)用(yong)(yong)類金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)支(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品和(he)(he)服(fu)務。結合農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村集(ji)體產(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度(du)改革,探索利用(yong)(yong)量化(hua)的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村集(ji)體資(zi)產(chan)股權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)融(rong)(rong)資(zi)方式(shi)。提(ti)高直接融(rong)(rong)資(zi)比(bi)重,支(zhi)持(chi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)企業(ye)依托多層次資(zi)本市場(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展壯大。創(chuang)新服(fu)務模式(shi),引導(dao)持(chi)牌(pai)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構通過互(hu)聯網(wang)和(he)(he)移動終端提(ti)供普(pu)惠金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)務,促(cu)進金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)科(ke)技與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)規(gui)范發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。
第三節(jie) 完(wan)善金融(rong)支(zhi)農激勵政策(ce)
繼續通過獎(jiang)(jiang)勵、補貼、稅收優惠等政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)工具支持(chi)“三(san)農(nong)”金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)。抓緊出(chu)臺金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)的(de)(de)指導意見(jian)。發揮再貸(dai)(dai)款、再貼現等貨幣(bi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)工具的(de)(de)引(yin)導作(zuo)(zuo)用,將(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)作(zuo)(zuo)為信貸(dai)(dai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)結構性調整(zheng)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要方向。落實(shi)縣域(yu)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構涉(she)農(nong)貸(dai)(dai)款增量(liang)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),完善(shan)涉(she)農(nong)貼息貸(dai)(dai)款政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),降低農(nong)戶和新型(xing)農(nong)業經營主體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資成本。健全農(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)險緩釋機制,加快(kuai)完善(shan)“三(san)農(nong)”融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資擔保(bao)體(ti)(ti)系。充分(fen)發揮好國家融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資擔保(bao)基金(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用,強化(hua)(hua)擔保(bao)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資增信功能,引(yin)導更多(duo)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資源支持(chi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)。制定金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構服(fu)(fu)務(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)考核評(ping)估辦法(fa)。改進農(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)差異化(hua)(hua)監(jian)管體(ti)(ti)系,合理(li)確定金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構發起設立和業務(wu)拓展的(de)(de)準入門(men)檻。守住(zhu)不發生系統(tong)性金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)險底(di)線,強化(hua)(hua)地方政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)險防(fang)范處置責任。
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第十(shi)一篇 規劃實施
實行(xing)中央統籌、省負總責、市縣抓落實的(de)鄉(xiang)村振興工作機制,堅持黨的(de)領導,更好履行(xing)各(ge)級政府職(zhi)責,凝聚全社會(hui)力量,扎實有序推進鄉(xiang)村振興。
第三十(shi)六(liu)章 加強組織領導
堅持黨(dang)總攬全局、協調各方,強(qiang)化黨(dang)組織的領(ling)導核(he)心(xin)作用,提(ti)高領(ling)導能(neng)力和水平,為實現鄉村振興(xing)提(ti)供堅強(qiang)保證。
第(di)一節 落實各方責任
強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化地(di)方各(ge)(ge)級黨委和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)府在實(shi)施鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)戰略中的主體責任(ren),推(tui)動(dong)各(ge)(ge)級干部(bu)主動(dong)擔當作(zuo)為。堅(jian)持(chi)工業農(nong)業一(yi)起抓、城(cheng)市農(nong)村(cun)(cun)一(yi)起抓,把農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)(cun)優先發展原則(ze)體現到各(ge)(ge)個方面(mian)。堅(jian)持(chi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)重大(da)事項、重要問題、重要工作(zuo)由黨組織(zhi)討論決定(ding)的機制(zhi),落(luo)實(shi)黨政(zheng)(zheng)一(yi)把手是第一(yi)責任(ren)人、五級書記抓鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)的工作(zuo)要求。縣(xian)委書記要當好(hao)(hao)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)“一(yi)線總指揮”,下(xia)大(da)力氣抓好(hao)(hao)“三(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)。各(ge)(ge)地(di)區要依照(zhao)國家規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃科(ke)學(xue)編(bian)制(zhi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)地(di)方規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃或(huo)方案,科(ke)學(xue)制(zhi)定(ding)配(pei)套政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)和(he)配(pei)置公共資源,明(ming)確目標任(ren)務,細化實(shi)化政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施,增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)可操作(zuo)性。各(ge)(ge)部(bu)門要各(ge)(ge)司其職、密切配(pei)合,抓緊制(zhi)定(ding)專項規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃或(huo)指導意見,細化落(luo)實(shi)并指導地(di)方完成(cheng)國家規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃提出的主要目標任(ren)務。建立健全規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃實(shi)施和(he)工作(zuo)推(tui)進機制(zhi),加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)銜接和(he)工作(zuo)協調。培(pei)養造就一(yi)支懂農(nong)業、愛農(nong)村(cun)(cun)、愛農(nong)民的“三(san)農(nong)”工作(zuo)隊伍(wu),帶領群(qun)眾(zhong)投身鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)偉大(da)事業。
第(di)二節 強(qiang)化法治保障
各(ge)級黨委和政府要(yao)善于運用法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)思(si)維和法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)方(fang)式推進(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)工(gong)作,嚴格執行現行涉農法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui),在規(gui)劃編制(zhi)(zhi)、項目安排、資金使用、監督管理(li)等方(fang)面,提高規(gui)范化(hua)(hua)、制(zhi)(zhi)度化(hua)(hua)、法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)。完善鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)和標準體系,充分發揮立法(fa)(fa)(fa)在鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)中的保障和推動作用。推動各(ge)類組(zu)織和個人(ren)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)依規(gui)實施和參與鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)興(xing)。加強(qiang)基(ji)層執法(fa)(fa)(fa)隊伍建設,強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)市場(chang)監管,規(gui)范鄉(xiang)村(cun)市場(chang)秩序,有效促進(jin)(jin)社會公平(ping)正義,維護(hu)人(ren)民(min)群(qun)眾合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)權益(yi)。
第三節 動員社會參與
搭(da)建(jian)社(she)會(hui)參與平臺,加強組織(zhi)動(dong)員,構(gou)建(jian)政(zheng)(zheng)府、市場、社(she)會(hui)協同推進的(de)(de)鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)參與機制。創(chuang)新宣傳形式,廣泛宣傳鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)相關政(zheng)(zheng)策和生動(dong)實(shi)踐,營(ying)造良好社(she)會(hui)氛(fen)圍。發揮(hui)工會(hui)、共青團、婦(fu)聯(lian)、科協、殘聯(lian)等群團組織(zhi)的(de)(de)優(you)勢和力量,發揮(hui)各民(min)主(zhu)黨派、工商聯(lian)、無(wu)黨派人(ren)士等積極作(zuo)用,凝(ning)聚鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)強大合力。建(jian)立鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)專家決(jue)策咨(zi)詢制度,組織(zhi)智(zhi)庫加強理論研(yan)究。促進鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)國際交流合作(zuo),講好鄉(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)中(zhong)國故(gu)事,為世界(jie)貢獻中(zhong)國智(zhi)慧和中(zhong)國方案。
第四節 開展評估(gu)考核
加強鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)戰略規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)考核監督和(he)激勵約(yue)束。將規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)成效納入地方各級黨委和(he)政府及有關部門(men)的(de)(de)年度績效考評內容,考核結果作(zuo)為有關領導干(gan)部年度考核、選拔任(ren)(ren)用(yong)的(de)(de)重要(yao)依據(ju),確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)完成各項目(mu)標任(ren)(ren)務。本規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)確(que)(que)(que)定的(de)(de)約(yue)束性指標以及重大工(gong)(gong)程、重大項目(mu)、重大政策和(he)重要(yao)改革(ge)任(ren)(ren)務,要(yao)明確(que)(que)(que)責任(ren)(ren)主體(ti)和(he)進(jin)(jin)度要(yao)求,確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)質量(liang)和(he)效果。加強鄉村(cun)統計工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),因地制(zhi)宜建立客(ke)觀反映鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興(xing)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)的(de)(de)指標和(he)統計體(ti)系(xi)。建立規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)督促檢查機制(zhi),適時開展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)中期評估(gu)和(he)總(zong)結評估(gu)。
第(di)三十七(qi)章 有序實(shi)現鄉村(cun)振(zhen)興
充(chong)分認識鄉村振興(xing)任務(wu)的長期性(xing)、艱巨(ju)性(xing),保持歷(li)史(shi)耐心(xin),避免超越發展階段(duan),統籌謀劃,典型帶動,有序推進,不搞齊步走。
第一節(jie) 準確(que)聚焦階段任務
在全面建(jian)(jian)成小康社會(hui)決勝(sheng)期(qi),重點抓好防范化(hua)(hua)解重大(da)風(feng)險、精(jing)準脫貧、污染防治三大(da)攻堅戰,加(jia)快補齊農業現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)短腿(tui)和鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村建(jian)(jian)設短板。在開啟全面建(jian)(jian)設社會(hui)主義現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)國家(jia)新征程時期(qi),重點加(jia)快城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)融合發展制度設計和政(zheng)策創新,推(tui)動城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)公(gong)共(gong)資源均(jun)衡配置和基(ji)本(ben)公(gong)共(gong)服(fu)務(wu)均(jun)等化(hua)(hua),推(tui)進鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村治理體系和治理能力現代(dai)化(hua)(hua),全面提升農民精(jing)神風(feng)貌(mao),為鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村振(zhen)興這盤大(da)棋布好局(ju)。
第二節 科(ke)學把握節奏力(li)度(du)
合(he)理設定階(jie)段性目標任務和工作重點,分步實(shi)施,形成(cheng)統籌推進的工作機制。加(jia)強主體、資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)、政策(ce)和城鄉協同發力(li)(li)(li),避免代替農(nong)民選擇,引導農(nong)民摒(bing)棄“等(deng)靠要”思想,激發農(nong)村各(ge)類主體活力(li)(li)(li),激活鄉村振興內生(sheng)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li),形成(cheng)系(xi)統高效的運行機制。立(li)足當前發展階(jie)段,科學評估財政承受能力(li)(li)(li)、集體經濟實(shi)力(li)(li)(li)和社會資(zi)(zi)本動(dong)力(li)(li)(li),依法(fa)合(he)規謀劃鄉村振興籌資(zi)(zi)渠道,避免負債搞建設,防止刮風(feng)搞運動(dong),合(he)理確(que)定鄉村基礎設施、公共產品、制度保障等(deng)供給水平,形成(cheng)可持(chi)續發展的長效機制。
第三節 梯次推進鄉(xiang)村振興
科學把(ba)握我國鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)區(qu)(qu)域差異(yi),尊重并發(fa)揮(hui)基層首創(chuang)精神(shen),發(fa)掘和總結典型經(jing)驗,推(tui)(tui)動不(bu)同地(di)區(qu)(qu)、不(bu)同發(fa)展(zhan)階段(duan)的鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)有序(xu)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代化。發(fa)揮(hui)引領區(qu)(qu)示(shi)范(fan)作用,東(dong)部沿海發(fa)達地(di)區(qu)(qu)、人口凈(jing)流入城市(shi)的郊區(qu)(qu)、集體經(jing)濟實(shi)(shi)力(li)強以及其他具備條件的鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun),到2022年率先基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代化。推(tui)(tui)動重點(dian)區(qu)(qu)加速發(fa)展(zhan),中(zhong)小(xiao)城市(shi)和小(xiao)城鎮周邊以及廣大(da)平原、丘陵地(di)區(qu)(qu)的鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun),涵蓋我國大(da)部分村(cun)(cun)莊,是鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)振興的主戰(zhan)場(chang),到2035年基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代化。聚焦攻(gong)堅區(qu)(qu)精準發(fa)力(li),革(ge)命老區(qu)(qu)、民族地(di)區(qu)(qu)、邊疆地(di)區(qu)(qu)、集中(zhong)連片特困地(di)區(qu)(qu)的鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun),到2050年如期實(shi)(shi)現(xian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代化。
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