六項重點補短板 重慶加力創建丘陵山區農機裝備先進制造業集群
來源：高新院 vwcr.cn 日期：2024-12-13 點擊：次
突出抓(zhua)好急需(xu)急用農(nong)機裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)研(yan)發等六項重點任務(wu)，打(da)造全國丘(qiu)陵(ling)山區(qu)農(nong)機裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)研(yan)發制造高(gao)地。12月(yue)12日召開的重慶市農(nong)機裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)補短板暨農(nong)機化高(gao)質量(liang)發展(zhan)推進會明確，力爭(zheng)到2027年，成(cheng)功創建國家丘(qiu)陵(ling)山區(qu)農(nong)機裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)先進制造業集群，全市農(nong)機裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)產業規模達500億元，農(nong)作物耕種收(shou)綜(zong)合機械化率達62%以上(shang)。
農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)補短板和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)化(hua)(hua)高質量發(fa)(fa)展是(shi)培(pei)育農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)新(xin)質生產力、加(jia)快(kuai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)的重要(yao)抓手，也是(shi)加(jia)快(kuai)建設(she)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)強國的必然要(yao)求。近年來，重慶市(shi)把農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)列為“33618”現(xian)代制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群體(ti)系的18個“新(xin)星”產業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群之一，大力推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展，農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)研發(fa)(fa)創新(xin)體(ti)系基本建立，短板農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)研發(fa)(fa)有力推進，農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)產業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群逐步形成。截至目前(qian)，全市(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)(ji)總動力達1586萬千瓦，農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物耕種收綜(zong)合機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)(hua)率達56.8%。
“成效明(ming)顯，但仍有不(bu)少痛點(dian)難點(dian)卡點(dian)問(wen)題亟待解決。”重慶市農業農村委相關負責人說(shuo)，首(shou)先是地形(xing)地貌復雜；其(qi)次是農機(ji)作(zuo)業短板弱項(xiang)多；最后是農機(ji)研(yan)產推用協(xie)同發(fa)力不(bu)夠。
以農(nong)機作業短板弱項多(duo)為例(li)，在種(zhong)植(zhi)面積超(chao)100萬畝主要農(nong)作物中，水稻機收率已超(chao)80%，但機播機插率只有(you)33%；玉米(mi)、馬鈴(ling)薯、油菜等糧油作物在播種(zhong)、栽(zai)植(zhi)、收獲等環節，“無好機可用”問題較為突出。同時(shi)，蔬菜、柑橘、茶(cha)葉、花椒、中藥材等經濟作物在播種(zhong)、移栽(zai)、采收等環節面臨(lin)“無適機匹配(pei)”的(de)窘境。
為(wei)加力推進(jin)農機(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)補短板和農機(ji)化高質量發展(zhan)，重(zhong)慶將堅持“改機(ji)適(shi)(shi)地(di)”與“改地(di)適(shi)(shi)機(ji)”相結合，加快建設農機(ji)社(she)會(hui)化服務體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、農機(ji)技能人才培育(yu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、農機(ji)農藝(yi)協(xie)同(tong)創新體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。具體(ti)(ti)(ti)而言，將突(tu)出抓(zhua)好急需急用(yong)農機(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)研發、新產品熟化定型和鑒定認證(zheng)、加快先進(jin)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)現(xian)代農機(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)推廣應用(yong)、加快建立農機(ji)社(she)會(hui)化服務體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)、加強農機(ji)化服務“兩支隊伍”建設、統籌抓(zhua)好資源要素(su)協(xie)同(tong)保障等六項重(zhong)點工作。
急需(xu)急用農(nong)機(ji)裝備研(yan)發(fa)(fa)方(fang)面(mian)，將摸清裝備底數，完善(shan)農(nong)機(ji)裝備短(duan)板目錄(lu)。同時，搭建丘陵山區農(nong)機(ji)裝備研(yan)發(fa)(fa)平(ping)臺(tai)，匯聚市內外創(chuang)新資源，以企(qi)業為主(zhu)體(ti)，聯合科(ke)研(yan)機(ji)構、推廣單位和應用主(zhu)體(ti)，借智(zhi)借力組建農(nong)機(ji)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)攻(gong)關(guan)創(chuang)新體(ti)系(xi)，每個(ge)短(duan)板環節組建一支攻(gong)關(guan)團隊，進行急需(xu)急用農(nong)機(ji)裝備研(yan)發(fa)(fa)的集中(zhong)突破。
先進適用(yong)(yong)現代(dai)農(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)備(bei)推廣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)方面，將示范推廣“改路適機(ji)(ji)”山地戶(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)農(nong)機(ji)(ji)化發展模式，與高標準農(nong)田改造提(ti)升(sheng)有機(ji)(ji)結合，讓(rang)山區(qu)(qu)農(nong)戶(hu)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)30-50馬力(li)段(duan)的現代(dai)中(zhong)小型農(nong)機(ji)(ji)。同(tong)時將圍繞提(ti)高糧油生產(chan)作(zuo)(zuo)業質量、解決短板弱項的急(ji)需急(ji)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)機(ji)(ji)產(chan)品(pin)，分區(qu)(qu)、分步、分類確定優(you)機(ji)(ji)優(you)補機(ji)(ji)具(ju)種類，進一步優(you)化我市農(nong)機(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)備(bei)結構。
建立(li)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)社(she)會(hui)化(hua)(hua)服務體系(xi)方面，將構建1個市(shi)級指揮(hui)調度(du)中(zhong)心(xin)，10個市(shi)級區域(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)服務中(zhong)心(xin)，100個縣級區域(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)服務分中(zhong)心(xin)，1000個鄉鎮級區域(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)服務社(she)的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)社(she)會(hui)化(hua)(hua)服務體系(xi)。同時，大力(li)發展多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)(hua)、多(duo)層(ceng)次、多(duo)類型的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)社(she)會(hui)化(hua)(hua)服務主體，建設一(yi)批(pi)集農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)生產(chan)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)救災、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)維修等服務于一(yi)體的(de)綜合性農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)服務中(zhong)心(xin)，加快農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)各(ge)產(chan)業(ye)、生產(chan)各(ge)環節的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)服務全覆(fu)蓋。
作者：鄧佳星(xing) 農民日報·中(zhong)國(guo)農網(wang)記者 鄧俐
