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以產業融合發展推進鄉村全面振興

來源:高新院 vwcr.cn 日期:2024-12-03 點擊:

黨的十八大以來,習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)總書記赴地方考察(cha)調研“三農(nong)”工(gong)作,總會(hui)關(guan)心過問當地鄉村(cun)產業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)情況(kuang),強調要(yao)因地制(zhi)宜大力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)特色產業(ye),推進(jin)(jin)(jin)農(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二(er)三產業(ye)融合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。黨的二(er)十大報告、“十四五”規(gui)劃《綱要(yao)》、近年來出臺的中央一(yi)號文件(jian)等,均對發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)鄉村(cun)特色產業(ye)、推進(jin)(jin)(jin)農(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)融合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)作出部署。各地區各部門(men)深入貫(guan)徹落實習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)總書記重要(yao)指(zhi)示批示精(jing)神和(he)(he)黨中央、國務院(yuan)決策部署,不斷創新(xin)政策體(ti)系,因地制(zhi)宜發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)鄉村(cun)特色產業(ye),積極開展(zhan)制(zhi)度、技術和(he)(he)模式創新(xin),推動構建利(li)益聯結機制(zhi),有(you)效提高了(le)農(nong)業(ye)生產效率(lv),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)了(le)農(nong)民就(jiu)業(ye)增收,激發(fa)(fa)了(le)農(nong)村(cun)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)活力(li),為推進(jin)(jin)(jin)鄉村(cun)全面振興(xing)、建設農(nong)業(ye)強國提供了(le)有(you)力(li)支撐。

  一、聚焦(jiao)“優勢”做文章,融(rong)合場景更(geng)加(jia)豐(feng)富

  習近平總(zong)書(shu)記在福建工作(zuo)期間提出(chu)(chu)“靠山(shan)吃(chi)山(shan)唱山(shan)歌,靠海吃(chi)海念海經”,在浙江工作(zuo)期間提出(chu)(chu)“充分發揮我(wo)省的(de)(de)(de)比較優勢,把發展(zhan)高效(xiao)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為(wei)效(xiao)益農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)主攻方(fang)向”,黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十八大(da)以來多次(ci)強(qiang)調“鄉村要振(zhen)興,因地制(zhi)宜選擇富(fu)民產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是關鍵”。各地立(li)足資源稟賦、區(qu)位(wei)優勢、產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基(ji)礎和(he)(he)市場需求(qiu),因地制(zhi)宜探索和(he)(he)總(zong)結適合本(ben)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合發展(zhan)模(mo)(mo)式,推動構建農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)交(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)合的(de)(de)(de)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系,不斷(duan)(duan)催生(sheng)新產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)。比如,通(tong)(tong)過產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條(tiao)上下(xia)延(yan)伸,催生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村電商、中央廚房、定制(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)新型(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)價值鏈不斷(duan)(duan)提升,“土特產(chan)(chan)(chan)”文章不斷(duan)(duan)做強(qiang),創響“潛江小龍(long)蝦”“陽山(shan)水蜜桃”“洛(luo)川(chuan)蘋果(guo)”等(deng)一批(pi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品品牌(pai);通(tong)(tong)過農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)橫向拓展(zhan),推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)文化、教育、旅游、康養等(deng)交(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)合,催生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)休閑(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉村旅游、森(sen)林康養、體驗農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)模(mo)(mo)式;通(tong)(tong)過新技術的(de)(de)(de)滲透(tou)賦能(neng),促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)先(xian)進(jin)技術的(de)(de)(de)深度融(rong)合,催生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)植(zhi)物工廠、智慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)前沿技術和(he)(he)新型(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)(tai)。

   二、聚(ju)焦“培(pei)育”添動能,融合主體不斷(duan)壯大

  習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)總書(shu)記多次(ci)強(qiang)調,“構(gou)建(jian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村一二(er)三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),積極培育(yu)新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),促進(jin)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)有(you)機銜接”“加(jia)快建(jian)設現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)基地(di)(di)、大(da)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、大(da)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”“育(yu)好(hao)用好(hao)鄉(xiang)土人才”。各地(di)(di)積極培育(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)、家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場、種(zhong)養大(da)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)等新(xin)型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)和(he)新(xin)型職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民,鼓勵農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加(jia)工銷(xiao)售,組織開展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認定,支持龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)軍企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)直接投資、參(can)股經(jing)營(ying)、簽訂長期供銷(xiao)合(he)(he)同等方(fang)式建(jian)設標準化(hua)、規模化(hua)原料生產(chan)基地(di)(di)以及營(ying)銷(xiao)設施(shi),帶動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)適度規模經(jing)營(ying)。截至2023年底,全國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)超9萬(wan)家,其(qi)中(zhong)國家重點龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)1952家,納(na)入全國家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場名錄管理的家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場近(jin)400萬(wan)個(ge),注冊登記農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)221.6萬(wan)家,組建(jian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)聯合(he)(he)社(she)(she)1.5萬(wan)家,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)社(she)(she)會化(hua)服務(wu)面(mian)積超過(guo)19.7億畝次(ci),服務(wu)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)9100多萬(wan)戶(hu)(hu)(hu),返(fan)鄉(xiang)入鄉(xiang)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員數(shu)量(liang)累計達1320萬(wan)人,其(qi)中(zhong)大(da)部分創(chuang)辦了(le)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)類(lei)項目。在習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)總書(shu)記重要(yao)論述的指導推動(dong)下(xia),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)正加(jia)快從數(shu)量(liang)增加(jia)到(dao)質量(liang)提升、從單純生產(chan)到(dao)綜合(he)(he)帶動(dong)、從收益獨(du)占到(dao)利潤共享轉變,逐步(bu)構(gou)建(jian)起農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社(she)(she)和(he)家庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場跟進(jin)、廣大(da)小農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)參(can)與的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)(he)格局。

   三(san)、聚焦“示范”強帶動,融(rong)合載體漸成氣(qi)候(hou)

  習近平(ping)總書記強(qiang)調(diao),“向一二三產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)效益,強(qiang)龍頭(tou)、補鏈條(tiao)、興(xing)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)、樹品牌(pai),推(tui)動鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)全鏈條(tiao)升級(ji),增強(qiang)市場競爭力(li)和可持續發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)能力(li)。”近年來,各地區各部門以(yi)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)平(ping)臺載體(ti)建設為抓手,通過示范(fan)帶(dai)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)全鏈條(tiao)延伸、帶(dai)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)民就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)增收、帶(dai)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)素集(ji)聚,打造(zao)地域特色鮮明(ming)(ming)、業(ye)(ye)態(tai)類型豐富、創(chuang)(chuang)新創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)活躍的(de)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)高地。截(jie)至2023年底,已創(chuang)(chuang)建認定國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)示范(fan)園(yuan)300家(jia)、國家(jia)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)園(yuan)300個、農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)強(qiang)鎮1509個和優(you)勢(shi)特色產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群300個,以(yi)點帶(dai)面推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),取得(de)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)成效。相關省份參照國家(jia)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)平(ping)臺載體(ti)建設有(you)(you)關要(yao)求,積極推(tui)動省級(ji)及以(yi)下產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)平(ping)臺載體(ti)創(chuang)(chuang)建,推(tui)動進一步(bu)強(qiang)化原料生產(chan)(chan)、精深(shen)加工、體(ti)驗展(zhan)(zhan)示、物流銷售的(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)銜(xian)接和交叉融(rong)合(he),為農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)注入強(qiang)勁動力(li)。

  四(si)、聚焦“惠(hui)農”重聯結(jie),融合(he)收益普惠(hui)農民

  針對農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)收(shou)(shou)益(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)問(wen)題,習(xi)近平總書記指出,“農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村一二三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)不(bu)是簡單的(de)一產(chan)‘接二連(lian)三(san)’,關鍵是完(wan)善利益(yi)聯(lian)結機(ji)制,不(bu)能富了老板、丟了老鄉,要通過就業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)動、保(bao)(bao)底分(fen)(fen)(fen)紅(hong)(hong)、股份(fen)合(he)作(zuo)等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)形(xing)式,讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)合(he)理(li)分(fen)(fen)(fen)享全(quan)(quan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈增(zeng)值收(shou)(shou)益(yi)。”各地以促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)為(wei)落(luo)腳點,積(ji)極引導龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)動合(he)作(zuo)社、家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)等(deng)(deng)新型經營(ying)主體形(xing)成一體化(hua)經營(ying)組織聯(lian)盟,采(cai)取(qu)股份(fen)合(he)作(zuo)、訂單合(he)同、服(fu)務協作(zuo)、流轉聘(pin)用等(deng)(deng)模(mo)式,與(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶建立(li)風險共擔的(de)利益(yi)共同體。通過“保(bao)(bao)底收(shou)(shou)益(yi)+按股分(fen)(fen)(fen)紅(hong)(hong)”“固(gu)定租(zu)(zu)金(jin)(jin)+企業(ye)(ye)(ye)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)+農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)養(yang)老金(jin)(jin)”“土地租(zu)(zu)金(jin)(jin)+務工工資+返(fan)利分(fen)(fen)(fen)紅(hong)(hong)”等(deng)(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)方式建立(li)緊(jin)密利益(yi)聯(lian)結機(ji)制,讓農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)分(fen)(fen)(fen)享更多(duo)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增(zeng)值收(shou)(shou)益(yi),實現(xian)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在鎮、基地在村、增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)在戶。以國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展(zhan)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)為(wei)例,2023年,平均(jun)每(mei)個(ge)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)吸納就業(ye)(ye)(ye)2.9萬人,示(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村居民(min)(min)人均(jun)可(ke)支配(pei)收(shou)(shou)入27858元,較上年增(zeng)長(chang)12.2%,比同期(qi)全(quan)(quan)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村居民(min)(min)人均(jun)可(ke)支配(pei)收(shou)(shou)入增(zeng)速高4.6個(ge)百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點。

  五(wu)、聚焦“創(chuang)新”促升級(ji),融合發展提質(zhi)增效

  2020年8月,習近平總書記(ji)在安(an)徽(hui)考察時(shi)(shi)要(yao)求促進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)三產(chan)(chan)融合發(fa)展,同時(shi)(shi)強調(diao)“提(ti)高(gao)(gao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)質量(liang)效益和(he)競(jing)爭力”。各(ge)地將效益和(he)競(jing)爭力作為檢驗農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合成效的重要(yao)標準,通過(guo)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)、價值鏈(lian)(lian)、供應鏈(lian)(lian)“三鏈(lian)(lian)同構(gou)”,推動拓展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)多種功(gong)能,提(ti)升鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)多元(yuan)價值。隨(sui)著農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合的不斷深入,各(ge)地推動農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展標準化(hua)(hua)、規范化(hua)(hua)、綠色化(hua)(hua)的水平進一步提(ti)高(gao)(gao),農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)發(fa)展活力持續增強。2023年,全(quan)國(guo)規模以上農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實現營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入20.3萬(wan)億元(yuan),農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加(jia)工產(chan)(chan)值與農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總產(chan)(chan)值的比值提(ti)高(gao)(gao)到(dao)2.59:1,農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加(jia)工轉化(hua)(hua)率達到(dao)74%;全(quan)國(guo)休(xiu)閑農(nong)(nong)莊(zhuang)、觀光農(nong)(nong)園等休(xiu)閑農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營主體達到(dao)30多萬(wan)家,休(xiu)閑農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)旅(lv)游接(jie)待(dai)人(ren)數32億人(ren)次,營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收入超過(guo)8500億元(yuan);各(ge)類涉(she)農(nong)(nong)電商超過(guo)3萬(wan)家,農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)網絡零售額超過(guo)2.49萬(wan)億元(yuan),直播帶貨等新(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態日益壯(zhuang)大(da)。

  黨的(de)(de)十八(ba)大以(yi)來,農村產業融合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)取得顯(xian)著成效(xiao),充分展(zhan)(zhan)現了習近(jin)平新(xin)時代(dai)中國特色(se)(se)(se)社(she)會主義(yi)思(si)想的(de)(de)真(zhen)理力量(liang)和實踐(jian)偉力,成為(wei)(wei)習近(jin)平新(xin)時代(dai)中國特色(se)(se)(se)社(she)會主義(yi)思(si)想指導推進鄉村全面(mian)振(zhen)興、建設(she)農業強國的(de)(de)鮮活例證和生動(dong)縮(suo)影(ying)。農為(wei)(wei)邦(bang)(bang)本,本固邦(bang)(bang)寧。新(xin)征程上,我們要認真(zhen)學(xue)習領會習近(jin)平新(xin)時代(dai)中國特色(se)(se)(se)社(she)會主義(yi)思(si)想的(de)(de)豐富內涵和實踐(jian)要求,在工作(zuo)中堅持好、運用好蘊含(han)其中的(de)(de)立場觀點方法,以(yi)鄉村產業振(zhen)興新(xin)成就譜寫鄉村全面(mian)振(zhen)興新(xin)篇(pian)章。

  一(yi)(yi)是堅持(chi)系統(tong)(tong)思(si)維。推動農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展,必須把一(yi)(yi)二三產(chan)業(ye)作為(wei)有機統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)的(de)整體統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)考慮(lv)、系統(tong)(tong)謀劃(hua)。要立足農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)業(ye),做好“糧頭食尾(wei)”“農(nong)(nong)(nong)頭工(gong)尾(wei)”文(wen)章,貫通產(chan)加(jia)銷(xiao),融(rong)合(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)文(wen)旅,加(jia)強(qiang)資源要素(su)的(de)優化(hua)配(pei)置(zhi)和政策措施的(de)統(tong)(tong)籌(chou)協調(diao),進一(yi)(yi)步拓展農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)多(duo)種功能,提升鄉村(cun)多(duo)元價(jia)值。

  二是堅持(chi)市(shi)場(chang)取向(xiang)。推動農(nong)村產(chan)業融(rong)合發(fa)展,必(bi)須(xu)充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮市(shi)場(chang)配置(zhi)資(zi)源的(de)決(jue)定性作用(yong),更好(hao)發(fa)揮政府作用(yong)。要牢固(gu)樹立市(shi)場(chang)觀念,強化需求(qiu)導向(xiang),科(ke)學謀劃產(chan)業發(fa)展方向(xiang)和布(bu)局、融(rong)合發(fa)展方式(shi)和路徑,發(fa)揮比較優勢,持(chi)續提升(sheng)農(nong)村產(chan)業融(rong)合發(fa)展水(shui)平。同(tong)時,強化規(gui)劃引領和服務保(bao)障,營造促進產(chan)業融(rong)合發(fa)展的(de)良好(hao)環(huan)境。

  三是堅持創新(xin)驅動(dong)。推動(dong)農(nong)村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),必須強化創新(xin)引(yin)領,大力(li)(li)培(pei)育發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)農(nong)業(ye)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力(li)(li),通過品(pin)種、技術、模式、機制等(deng)方面的變革創新(xin)和綜合(he)應用,催(cui)生(sheng)農(nong)村新(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)新(xin)業(ye)態新(xin)模式,促(cu)進農(nong)村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)延(yan)鏈補鏈、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構優化升級、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)質(zhi)效持續提(ti)(ti)升,為縣域(yu)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)(ti)供強勁動(dong)力(li)(li)。

  四是堅持因地制宜。推動農村(cun)產(chan)業融合發展,必須(xu)走特色(se)發展之路(lu)。要(yao)立足自身(shen)實(shi)際,念好“山海經”、做強(qiang)“土(tu)特產(chan)”,發展優勢明顯(xian)、特色(se)鮮明的(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業,更好彰顯(xian)地域特色(se)、承載(zai)鄉(xiang)村(cun)價值、體現鄉(xiang)土(tu)氣息。

  五(wu)是堅(jian)持強農(nong)(nong)惠農(nong)(nong)。推動農(nong)(nong)村產業(ye)(ye)融合發(fa)展,必須把促進農(nong)(nong)民(min)就業(ye)(ye)增收、推動農(nong)(nong)民(min)農(nong)(nong)村共同(tong)富裕(yu)作為出發(fa)點(dian)和落腳(jiao)點(dian)。要推動各類新型農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營主體與(yu)(yu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)建立緊密的利益聯結機制,把以(yi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村資源為依托的產業(ye)(ye)盡量留在農(nong)(nong)村,把就業(ye)(ye)崗位盡量留給農(nong)(nong)民(min),更好帶動農(nong)(nong)民(min)參與(yu)(yu)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展、分享增值收益。

 

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以產業融合發展推進鄉村全面振興

2024-12-03 來源:高新院 vwcr.cn 點擊:

黨(dang)(dang)的十八大以來,習近(jin)平總書記赴地(di)(di)方(fang)考察調研“三(san)農(nong)”工(gong)作(zuo),總會關(guan)心過(guo)問(wen)當地(di)(di)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展情況,強調要(yao)因地(di)(di)制宜(yi)(yi)大力發(fa)(fa)(fa)展特色(se)產業,推進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)一二三(san)產業融(rong)(rong)合發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。黨(dang)(dang)的二十大報(bao)告、“十四五(wu)”規劃《綱要(yao)》、近(jin)年來出臺(tai)的中(zhong)央一號(hao)文(wen)件等,均對發(fa)(fa)(fa)展鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)特色(se)產業、推進農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產業融(rong)(rong)合發(fa)(fa)(fa)展作(zuo)出部(bu)署(shu)。各地(di)(di)區各部(bu)門深入(ru)貫徹(che)落實習近(jin)平總書記重要(yao)指示批(pi)示精神和(he)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院決策部(bu)署(shu),不斷創新(xin)政(zheng)策體系,因地(di)(di)制宜(yi)(yi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)特色(se)產業,積(ji)極(ji)開(kai)展制度、技術和(he)模式(shi)創新(xin),推動構(gou)建利益聯結機制,有效提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)業生產效率(lv),促進了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)民就業增收,激發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展活力,為推進鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)全面(mian)振(zhen)興、建設農(nong)業強國(guo)(guo)提供了(le)(le)(le)有力支撐。

  一(yi)、聚(ju)焦“優(you)勢”做文章,融合場景更加豐富(fu)

  習(xi)近平總書(shu)記在福建工作(zuo)期間(jian)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)“靠山吃(chi)山唱山歌,靠海(hai)吃(chi)海(hai)念海(hai)經(jing)”,在浙江工作(zuo)期間(jian)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)(chu)“充分發揮我(wo)省的比較優勢,把發展高效(xiao)生(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為效(xiao)益(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的主攻方(fang)向(xiang)”,黨(dang)的十八大(da)以來(lai)多次強調“鄉村(cun)要振興,因地(di)制宜選擇富(fu)民產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是關鍵”。各地(di)立足資(zi)源稟賦(fu)、區位優勢、產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)基礎和(he)市場(chang)需求,因地(di)制宜探索和(he)總結適合(he)本地(di)區的農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)合(he)發展模式,推(tui)動構(gou)建農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)二三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)交叉融(rong)(rong)合(he)的現代農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系,不斷催(cui)(cui)生(sheng)新(xin)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)。比如(ru),通(tong)過產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條上下延伸,催(cui)(cui)生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)電商、中央廚房、定制農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)新(xin)型(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai),農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)價值鏈不斷提(ti)(ti)升,“土特產(chan)”文章不斷做強,創(chuang)響“潛江小龍(long)蝦(xia)”“陽山水蜜桃(tao)”“洛川蘋果”等(deng)(deng)一批農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品品牌;通(tong)過農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)功能的橫向(xiang)拓展,推(tui)動農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)文化(hua)、教育、旅(lv)游、康(kang)養(yang)等(deng)(deng)交叉融(rong)(rong)合(he),催(cui)(cui)生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)休(xiu)閑農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉村(cun)旅(lv)游、森林康(kang)養(yang)、體(ti)(ti)驗農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)模式;通(tong)過新(xin)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的滲透賦(fu)能,促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)先進技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的深度融(rong)(rong)合(he),催(cui)(cui)生(sheng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)植物工廠、智慧農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)前(qian)沿技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和(he)新(xin)型(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態(tai)。

  二、聚焦“培育”添動能,融合主體不斷(duan)壯大

  習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書記(ji)多次強調,“構建農(nong)(nong)村一二三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)體(ti)系,積極培(pei)育(yu)新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)主體(ti),促(cu)進(jin)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)戶和(he)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)有(you)機銜接”“加快(kuai)建設現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大基(ji)地、大企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、大產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”“育(yu)好用好鄉(xiang)土人才(cai)”。各地積極培(pei)育(yu)農(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)、種養(yang)大戶等新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營(ying)主體(ti)和(he)新型(xing)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)民,鼓(gu)勵(li)農(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加工銷售(shou),組織開展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)認(ren)定(ding),支持龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領軍企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過直(zhi)接投(tou)資、參(can)股經(jing)營(ying)、簽訂長(chang)期供(gong)銷合(he)(he)同等方式建設標準化(hua)(hua)、規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)原料生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地以及(ji)營(ying)銷設施,帶動(dong)農(nong)(nong)戶和(he)農(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)適度規(gui)模(mo)經(jing)營(ying)。截至2023年底,全(quan)國農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)超9萬(wan)家(jia)(jia)(jia),其中國家(jia)(jia)(jia)重點(dian)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)1952家(jia)(jia)(jia),納入全(quan)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)名錄管理的家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)近(jin)(jin)400萬(wan)個,注冊(ce)登記(ji)農(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)221.6萬(wan)家(jia)(jia)(jia),組建農(nong)(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)聯合(he)(he)社(she)(she)(she)(she)1.5萬(wan)家(jia)(jia)(jia),農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會化(hua)(hua)服(fu)務(wu)面積超過19.7億畝次,服(fu)務(wu)小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)戶9100多萬(wan)戶,返鄉(xiang)入鄉(xiang)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人員數(shu)量累計達1320萬(wan)人,其中大部分創辦了(le)融(rong)合(he)(he)類(lei)項目。在習近(jin)(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書記(ji)重要論述的指導推動(dong)下(xia),農(nong)(nong)村產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)正加快(kuai)從數(shu)量增加到(dao)質(zhi)量提(ti)升、從單純生(sheng)產(chan)到(dao)綜(zong)合(he)(he)帶動(dong)、從收益獨占到(dao)利潤共享轉變(bian),逐(zhu)步構建起農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)、農(nong)(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)社(she)(she)(she)(she)和(he)家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)跟進(jin)、廣大小(xiao)農(nong)(nong)戶參(can)與的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融(rong)合(he)(he)格局。

  三、聚(ju)焦(jiao)“示范”強帶動,融合(he)載體漸(jian)成氣候

  習近(jin)平總書記強調,“向一二三產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發(fa)展要效益(yi),強龍頭、補鏈條(tiao)、興業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態、樹品(pin)牌(pai),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全鏈條(tiao)升級,增強市(shi)場競爭力和可持續發(fa)展能(neng)力。”近(jin)年來(lai),各(ge)地(di)(di)區各(ge)部門以(yi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)平臺載體(ti)建設為(wei)抓手,通(tong)過示(shi)范(fan)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全鏈條(tiao)延伸、帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)民就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增收、帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要素集聚,打造(zao)地(di)(di)域特色鮮(xian)明、業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態類型(xing)豐富、創(chuang)新創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)活躍(yue)的(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展高地(di)(di)。截至2023年底(di),已(yi)創(chuang)建認定國家(jia)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發(fa)展示(shi)范(fan)園300家(jia)、國家(jia)現(xian)代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)園300個、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)強鎮(zhen)1509個和優(you)勢特色產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)集群(qun)300個,以(yi)點帶(dai)(dai)面推動(dong)(dong)(dong)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發(fa)展,取得明顯(xian)成效。相關省(sheng)份(fen)參照國家(jia)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發(fa)展平臺載體(ti)建設有關要求,積(ji)極推動(dong)(dong)(dong)省(sheng)級及以(yi)下產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發(fa)展平臺載體(ti)創(chuang)建,推動(dong)(dong)(dong)進一步強化原料生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、精深(shen)加工、體(ti)驗展示(shi)、物流銷售的(de)有機銜接和交(jiao)叉融合(he)(he),為(wei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)發(fa)展注入強勁動(dong)(dong)(dong)力。

  四(si)、聚焦“惠(hui)農”重聯結,融合收益(yi)普惠(hui)農民

  針對農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)收益(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)配問題,習近平總書記指出,“農(nong)(nong)村(cun)一二(er)(er)三(san)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)不是(shi)簡單的一產(chan)‘接二(er)(er)連(lian)三(san)’,關鍵是(shi)完善利(li)益(yi)(yi)(yi)聯(lian)結機制,不能富了老(lao)板、丟了老(lao)鄉(xiang),要通(tong)過(guo)就業(ye)(ye)帶動、保(bao)底分(fen)紅(hong)、股份(fen)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)(deng)多種形式,讓(rang)(rang)農(nong)(nong)民合(he)(he)理(li)分(fen)享(xiang)全產(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈增(zeng)值收益(yi)(yi)(yi)。”各地以促進農(nong)(nong)民增(zeng)收為落腳點,積極引(yin)導龍頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)帶動合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社、家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場等(deng)(deng)新型經營主體(ti)形成一體(ti)化經營組織聯(lian)盟,采(cai)取股份(fen)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)、訂單合(he)(he)同、服(fu)務(wu)協作(zuo)(zuo)、流轉聘用等(deng)(deng)模式,與農(nong)(nong)戶建立風險(xian)共擔的利(li)益(yi)(yi)(yi)共同體(ti)。通(tong)過(guo)“保(bao)底收益(yi)(yi)(yi)+按股分(fen)紅(hong)”“固定租(zu)金(jin)+企業(ye)(ye)就業(ye)(ye)+農(nong)(nong)民養(yang)老(lao)金(jin)”“土地租(zu)金(jin)+務(wu)工工資+返(fan)利(li)分(fen)紅(hong)”等(deng)(deng)多種方式建立緊密(mi)利(li)益(yi)(yi)(yi)聯(lian)結機制,讓(rang)(rang)農(nong)(nong)民分(fen)享(xiang)更多產(chan)業(ye)(ye)增(zeng)值收益(yi)(yi)(yi),實(shi)現產(chan)業(ye)(ye)在鎮(zhen)、基地在村(cun)、增(zeng)收在戶。以國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)融合(he)(he)發展示范(fan)園為例(li),2023年,平均(jun)每個示范(fan)園吸納就業(ye)(ye)2.9萬(wan)人,示范(fan)園內農(nong)(nong)村(cun)居(ju)民人均(jun)可支配收入27858元,較上年增(zeng)長12.2%,比同期全國(guo)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)居(ju)民人均(jun)可支配收入增(zeng)速高4.6個百分(fen)點。

  五、聚焦(jiao)“創新”促升(sheng)級,融合發(fa)展提質增效

  2020年8月,習(xi)近(jin)平總書記在安徽考察(cha)時(shi)要求促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)三(san)(san)產(chan)融合發(fa)展,同時(shi)強調“提高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)質量效(xiao)益(yi)和(he)競爭力”。各地將效(xiao)益(yi)和(he)競爭力作(zuo)為檢驗農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合成(cheng)效(xiao)的重要標準,通過(guo)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈、價值鏈、供應鏈“三(san)(san)鏈同構”,推動(dong)拓展農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)多(duo)種功(gong)能,提升(sheng)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)多(duo)元(yuan)(yuan)價值。隨著農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合的不(bu)斷(duan)深入(ru),各地推動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展標準化、規(gui)范化、綠色(se)化的水(shui)平進一步(bu)提高,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)展活力持續(xu)增(zeng)強。2023年,全國(guo)規(gui)模(mo)以上(shang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加(jia)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實現營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收(shou)入(ru)20.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加(jia)工(gong)產(chan)值與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)總產(chan)值的比值提高到2.59:1,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加(jia)工(gong)轉化率達到74%;全國(guo)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)莊、觀光農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)園等(deng)休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)營主體達到30多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)家,休(xiu)閑(xian)(xian)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)鄉(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)旅游接待人數32億(yi)(yi)人次,營業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)收(shou)入(ru)超過(guo)8500億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan);各類涉農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)電商(shang)超過(guo)3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)家,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)網絡零(ling)售(shou)額超過(guo)2.49萬(wan)(wan)(wan)億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan),直播帶貨等(deng)新業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態日益(yi)壯大(da)。

  黨的十八大以(yi)來,農(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)融(rong)合(he)發展(zhan)取得顯著成效,充分展(zhan)現(xian)了(le)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色社會主義(yi)(yi)思(si)想的真理力量和(he)實踐偉力,成為習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色社會主義(yi)(yi)思(si)想指導推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)全面振(zhen)興、建設農(nong)業(ye)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)的鮮活例(li)證(zheng)和(he)生動縮影。農(nong)為邦本,本固邦寧。新(xin)征(zheng)程上,我們要認真學(xue)習(xi)領會習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色社會主義(yi)(yi)思(si)想的豐(feng)富內涵和(he)實踐要求,在工作中(zhong)(zhong)堅持好、運用好蘊含其中(zhong)(zhong)的立場觀點(dian)方法,以(yi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業(ye)振(zhen)興新(xin)成就譜寫(xie)鄉(xiang)村(cun)全面振(zhen)興新(xin)篇章。

  一是堅(jian)持系統(tong)思維。推動農(nong)(nong)村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)融(rong)合(he)發展,必須把一二三產(chan)(chan)業(ye)作為有(you)機統(tong)一的(de)(de)整(zheng)體統(tong)籌考慮、系統(tong)謀劃(hua)。要立足農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye),做好“糧頭(tou)食尾”“農(nong)(nong)頭(tou)工(gong)尾”文章,貫通(tong)產(chan)(chan)加(jia)銷,融(rong)合(he)農(nong)(nong)文旅,加(jia)強資源(yuan)要素的(de)(de)優化配置和政策措施的(de)(de)統(tong)籌協調(diao),進一步拓(tuo)展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)多種功能,提升鄉村多元價值(zhi)。

  二是堅(jian)持市場(chang)取向(xiang)。推動(dong)農村產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展,必須充分發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)市場(chang)配置資源的(de)決定性(xing)作用,更好發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)政(zheng)府作用。要(yao)牢固樹立市場(chang)觀(guan)念,強化(hua)需求導向(xiang),科學(xue)謀劃(hua)產業發(fa)(fa)展方向(xiang)和(he)布局、融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展方式和(he)路徑,發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)(hui)比較優(you)勢,持續提升農村產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展水平(ping)。同時,強化(hua)規劃(hua)引領和(he)服(fu)務保障,營(ying)造促進產業融(rong)(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)良(liang)好環境。

  三是堅持創新(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)。推動(dong)農(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)融合(he)發展(zhan),必須強(qiang)化(hua)創新(xin)(xin)引領,大力(li)(li)培育發展(zhan)農(nong)業(ye)新(xin)(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產力(li)(li),通過(guo)品種、技術、模(mo)式、機制等(deng)方面(mian)的變革創新(xin)(xin)和綜合(he)應用,催生(sheng)農(nong)村(cun)新(xin)(xin)產業(ye)新(xin)(xin)業(ye)態新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式,促進農(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)延鏈補鏈、產業(ye)結構優化(hua)升(sheng)級、產業(ye)質(zhi)效持續提升(sheng),為縣域經濟(ji)發展(zhan)提供強(qiang)勁動(dong)力(li)(li)。

  四是堅持因(yin)地制宜。推動農村(cun)產業(ye)融合發展,必(bi)須(xu)走特(te)色發展之路(lu)。要立足(zu)自身實際,念好(hao)“山海經”、做強“土(tu)(tu)特(te)產”,發展優勢明顯、特(te)色鮮明的鄉村(cun)產業(ye),更好(hao)彰顯地域(yu)特(te)色、承載鄉村(cun)價值、體現鄉土(tu)(tu)氣(qi)息。

  五是(shi)堅持強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)惠(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)。推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村產業(ye)融合發展,必(bi)須把促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民就業(ye)增收、推(tui)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村共同(tong)富裕作為出發點(dian)(dian)和落腳點(dian)(dian)。要推(tui)動(dong)各類新型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)經營主體(ti)與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民建立緊(jin)密的(de)(de)利益聯結機(ji)制,把以(yi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村資(zi)源為依托的(de)(de)產業(ye)盡量留(liu)在農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村,把就業(ye)崗(gang)位盡量留(liu)給農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民,更好(hao)帶動(dong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民參與產業(ye)發展、分享(xiang)增值收益。